GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, 50012 Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 19;13(10):3663. doi: 10.3390/nu13103663.
Recent original research and meta-analyses suggest that acute caffeine supplementation improves exercise performance in team-sport athletes (TSA). Nonetheless, most of the studies testing the effects of caffeine on TSA included samples of male athletes, and there is no meta-analysis of the performance-enhancing effects of caffeine on female TSA. The aim of the present study was to synthesize the existing literature regarding the effect of caffeine supplementation on physical performance in adult female TSA.
A search was performed in Pubmed/Medline, SPORTDiscus and Scopus. The search was performed from the inception of indexing until 1 September 2021. Crossover randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the effects of oral caffeine intake on several aspects of performance in female TSA were selected. The methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed for individual studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale (PEDro) and the RoB 2 tool. A random-effects meta-analysis of standardized mean differences (SMD) was performed for several performance variables.
The search retrieved 18 articles that fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Overall, most of the studies were of excellent quality with a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis results showed that caffeine increased performance in specific team-sport skills (SMD: 0.384, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.077-0.691), countermovement jump (SMD: 0.208, CI: 0.079-0.337), total body impacts (SMD: 0.488; 95% CI: 0.050, 0.927) and handgrip strength (SMD: 0.395, CI: 0.126-0.665). No effects were found on the ratings of perceived exertion, squat jumps, agility, repeated sprint ability or agility tests performed after fatigue.
The results of the meta-analysis revealed that acute caffeine intake was effective in increasing some aspects of team-sports performance in women athletes. Hence, caffeine could be considered as a supplementation strategy for female athletes competing in team sports.
最近的原始研究和荟萃分析表明，急性咖啡因补充可提高团队运动运动员（TSA）的运动表现。尽管如此，大多数测试咖啡因对 TSA 影响的研究都包括男性运动员的样本，而没有关于咖啡因对女性 TSA 增强性能影响的荟萃分析。本研究的目的是综合现有关于咖啡因补充对成年女性 TSA 身体表现影响的文献。
在 Pubmed/Medline、SPORTDiscus 和 Scopus 中进行了搜索。搜索从索引开始到 2021 年 9 月 1 日进行。选择了评估口服咖啡因摄入对女性 TSA 多项运动表现方面影响的交叉随机对照试验（RCT）。使用 Physiotherapy Evidence Database 量表（PEDro）和 RoB 2 工具评估个体研究的方法学质量和偏倚风险。对几个性能变量进行了标准化均数差（SMD）的随机效应荟萃分析。
搜索共检索到 18 篇符合纳入/排除标准的文章。总体而言，大多数研究质量很高，偏倚风险低。荟萃分析结果表明，咖啡因提高了特定团队运动技能的表现（SMD：0.384，95%置信区间（CI）：0.077-0.691）、反跳式跳跃（SMD：0.208，CI：0.079-0.337）、全身冲击（SMD：0.488；95% CI：0.050，0.927）和握力（SMD：0.395，CI：0.126-0.665）。在感知用力、深蹲跳跃、敏捷性、重复冲刺能力或疲劳后进行的敏捷性测试中，没有发现对评级的影响。
荟萃分析的结果表明，急性咖啡因摄入对女性运动员某些方面的团队运动表现有效。因此，咖啡因可以被认为是女性运动员参加团队运动的一种补充策略。
