National Basketball Association, New York, NY.
Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
Sports Health. 2022 Jan-Feb;14(1):30-44. doi: 10.1177/19417381211056301. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
Concerns for youth sports in the United States often focus on early sport specialization, overemphasis on competition, injuries, and burnout. Little research has addressed relationships among the preceding and other concerns, including time away from organized sport, sleep, and perceptions of physical and psychological well-being.
There is an association between reported competitive gameplay volume and specialization, injury, and fatigue among elite youth basketball players.
Cross-sectional study; convenience sample.
Level 4.
An anonymous questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of youth basketball players between 13 and 18 years of age from across the United States. Participants were queried about multiple factors, including the extent of their participation in organized basketball and other sports, time away from organized basketball, injury, sleep, and feelings of exhaustion related to basketball participation.
A total of 772 participants (145 girls, 627 boys) completed a survey. All participants played for a select or elite club basketball team and/or a high school basketball team. Overall, 49% played more than 50 games within the past year. A total of 73% were specialized in basketball, 58% prior to age 14 years, and 35% prior to age 11 years. In all, 70% reported less than 1 month away from organized basketball within the past year, and 28% reported no time away. A total of 54% reported sleeping less than the recommended 8 hours each night during the school year. Within the prior year, 55% reported feeling physically exhausted and 45% reported feeling mentally exhausted from basketball. Regression analysis did not find any significant relationships between early specialization prior to age 14 years and basketball-related injury or feelings of mental or physical exhaustion.
In this select group of youth basketball players, the majority specialized in basketball prior to age 14 years and reported a large number of competitive events with little time away from organized basketball.
The results from a sample of highly competitive youth basketball players indicate issues that warrant further attention and research regarding the potential impact of specialization, frequent competitions, lack of time away from organized sport, and perceptions of well-being in young athletes.
美国青少年体育的关注点通常集中在早期专项化、过度强调竞争、受伤和倦怠上。很少有研究涉及到之前的因素和其他关注点之间的关系，包括离开有组织的运动、睡眠以及对身体和心理健康的看法。
在精英青年篮球运动员中，报告的竞技游戏量与专项化、受伤和疲劳之间存在关联。
横断面研究；便利样本。
4 级。
一项匿名问卷对来自美国各地的青少年篮球运动员进行了调查，年龄在 13 至 18 岁之间。参与者被询问了包括参与有组织的篮球和其他运动的程度、离开有组织的篮球的时间、受伤、睡眠以及与篮球参与相关的疲惫感等多个因素。
共有 772 名参与者（145 名女孩，627 名男孩）完成了一项调查。所有参与者都为精英俱乐部篮球队和/或高中篮球队打球。总体而言，49%的人在过去一年中参加了超过 50 场比赛。73%的人专门从事篮球运动，58%的人在 14 岁之前，35%的人在 11 岁之前。总共 70%的人报告在过去一年中离开有组织的篮球不到 1 个月，28%的人报告没有离开。共有 54%的人报告在学年期间每晚睡眠时间少于推荐的 8 小时。在过去的一年里，55%的人报告身体疲惫，45%的人报告精神疲惫。回归分析没有发现 14 岁之前的早期专项化与篮球相关的受伤或精神或身体疲惫感之间存在任何显著关系。
在这组精选的青年篮球运动员中，大多数人在 14 岁之前就开始专门从事篮球运动，并报告了大量的竞技活动，很少有时间离开有组织的篮球。
从一个高度竞争的青年篮球运动员样本中得出的结果表明，有一些问题需要进一步关注和研究，这些问题涉及到专项化、频繁比赛、缺乏离开有组织运动的时间以及年轻运动员的幸福感的潜在影响。
