Gaitán-González Pamela, Sánchez-Hernández Rommel, Arias-Montaño José-Antonio, Rueda Angélica
Department of Biochemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
World J Diabetes. 2021 Oct 15;12(10):1704-1718. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i10.1704.
Metabolic syndrome is a pre-diabetic state characterized by several biochemical and physiological alterations, including insulin resistance, visceral fat accumulation, and dyslipidemias, which increase the risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome is associated with augmented sympathetic tone, which could account for the etiology of pre-diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the pathophysiological consequences of enhanced and sustained β-adrenergic response in pre-diabetes, focusing on cardiac dysfunction reported in diet-induced experimental models of pre-diabetic cardiomyopathy. The research reviewed indicates that both protein kinase A and Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II play important roles in functional responses mediated by β-adrenoceptors; therefore, alterations in the expression or function of these kinases can be deleterious. This review also outlines recent information on the role of protein kinase A and Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in abnormal Ca handling by cardiomyocytes from diet-induced models of pre-diabetic cardiomyopathy.
代谢综合征是一种糖尿病前期状态，其特征为多种生化和生理改变，包括胰岛素抵抗、内脏脂肪堆积和血脂异常，这些都会增加患心血管疾病的风险。代谢综合征与交感神经张力增强有关，这可能是糖尿病前期心肌病病因的原因。本综述总结了目前关于糖尿病前期增强和持续的β-肾上腺素能反应的病理生理后果的知识，重点关注饮食诱导的糖尿病前期心肌病实验模型中报道的心脏功能障碍。所综述的研究表明，蛋白激酶A和钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶II在β-肾上腺素能受体介导的功能反应中都起重要作用；因此，这些激酶的表达或功能改变可能是有害的。本综述还概述了蛋白激酶A和钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶II在饮食诱导的糖尿病前期心肌病模型心肌细胞异常钙处理中的作用的最新信息。
