Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, EA 7424, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Motion Analysis Lab, Physiotherapy and Sports Medicine Department, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, La Tour Hospital, Meyrin, Switzerland; SFMKS-Lab, Société Française des Masseurs-kinésithérapeutes du Sport, Pierrefitte/Seine, France.
Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, EA 7424, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of medicine Saint-Etienne, France.
Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2022 Jun;65(4):101601. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2021.101601. Epub 2021 Nov 20.
The goal of a rehabilitation programme after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is to manage a patient's goals and expectations (i.e., returning to physical activities and sports) while minimizing the risk of new injury, particularly a new ACL injury. Although general rehabilitation programmes have been proposed, some factors can lead to adapting each programme to each patient.
To describe how different variables, including surgical techniques, sports participation, psycho-social and contextual factors can modify the rehabilitation programme.
We performed a narrative review with input from experts in the field (level of evidence 5).
Modifying factors of the ACL rehabilitation programme are related to the initial lesion or surgery, to sports, or to psychological or social aspects. Regarding the type of graft, the rehabilitation is mainly different in the early postoperative phase; the other phases are not graft-based but rather goal-based rehabilitation. Depending on the meniscal or cartilage repair, the rehabilitation protocol will initially take priority over the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction protocol. The ACL reconstruction rehabilitation programme should meet the requirements of the anticipated sports, to optimize the athlete's ability to return to the expected level and minimize the risk of reinjury. Psycho-social and contextual factors must also be considered in rehabilitation care to individualize and optimize each patient's programme.
前交叉韧带（ACL）重建后康复计划的目标是管理患者的目标和期望（即恢复身体活动和运动），同时最大限度地降低新伤风险，特别是新的 ACL 损伤。尽管已经提出了一般的康复计划，但有些因素可以使每个患者的计划都得到调整。
描述不同的变量，包括手术技术、运动参与、心理社会和环境因素，如何改变康复计划。
我们进行了叙述性综述，并由该领域的专家提供了意见（证据水平 5）。
ACL 康复计划的修正因素与初始损伤或手术、运动或心理或社会方面有关。关于移植物的类型，术后早期康复主要不同；其他阶段不是基于移植物，而是基于目标的康复。根据半月板或软骨修复，康复方案最初将优先于前交叉韧带重建方案。ACL 重建康复计划应满足预期运动的要求，以优化运动员恢复到预期水平的能力，并最大限度地降低再次受伤的风险。心理社会和环境因素也必须在康复护理中考虑，以个性化和优化每个患者的方案。
