Almaas Mia Amalie Jensen, Heradstveit Ove, Askeland Kristin Gärtner, Sivertsen Børge, Nilsen Sondre Aasen, Hysing Mari
Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.
Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway; Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
Sleep Health. 2022 Feb;8(1):114-120. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.09.006. Epub 2021 Nov 7.
Sleep problems are common in adolescence. We aimed to investigate sleep patterns and insomnia in Norwegian adolescents who have been in contact with child welfare services (CWS), both adolescents living in foster care (FC) and adolescents receiving in-home-services (IHS). Both groups were compared to youth who reported they were not receiving child welfare interventions.
Cross-sectional.
The population-based study youth@hordaland from 2012 in Hordaland, Norway.
About 9421 adolescents (53.8% girls), age range 16-19 years, were divided into 3 groups; IHS group (n = 123), FC group (n = 132), and control group (n = 9166).
Self-reported information about demographics, detailed sleep patterns, sleep problems, and adverse life events.
Adolescents receiving IHS (vs. controls) had significantly shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, longer sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and higher prevalence of insomnia. They had increased odds of insomnia (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-2.62) and SOL ≥ 30 minutes (AOR = 1.95, CI = 1.32-2.87). Adolescents in FC (vs. controls) reported lower sleep efficiency and longer WASO. When adjusting for sex and age, the associations did not substantially change. When additionally adjusting for adverse life events, the associations were considerably attenuated for both groups, and were no longer significant for the FC group.
Our results indicate a higher rate of sleep problems among adolescents receiving interventions from CWS, particularly those receiving IHS. Adverse life events accounted for a substantial part of the increased risk of sleep problems.
睡眠问题在青少年中很常见。我们旨在调查与儿童福利服务机构（CWS）有接触的挪威青少年的睡眠模式和失眠情况，这些青少年包括寄养家庭（FC）中的青少年和接受家庭服务（IHS）的青少年。将这两组青少年与报告未接受儿童福利干预的青少年进行比较。
横断面研究。
基于2012年挪威霍达兰郡的“霍达兰青少年”人群研究。
约9421名青少年（53.8%为女孩），年龄在16 - 19岁之间，分为3组；家庭服务组（n = 123）、寄养家庭组（n = 132）和对照组（n = 9166）。
关于人口统计学、详细睡眠模式、睡眠问题和不良生活事件的自我报告信息。
接受家庭服务的青少年（与对照组相比）睡眠时间显著缩短、睡眠效率降低、入睡潜伏期（SOL）延长、睡眠中觉醒时间（WASO）延长，且失眠患病率更高。他们患失眠症的几率增加（调整后的优势比[AOR] = 1.77，95%置信区间[CI] = 1.19 - 2.62），且SOL≥30分钟的几率增加（AOR = 1.95，CI = 1.32 - 2.87）。寄养家庭中的青少年（与对照组相比）报告睡眠效率较低且WASO较长。在对性别和年龄进行调整后，这些关联没有实质性变化。当进一步对不良生活事件进行调整时，两组的关联均显著减弱，且寄养家庭组的关联不再显著。
我们的结果表明，接受儿童福利服务机构干预的青少年，尤其是接受家庭服务的青少年，睡眠问题发生率更高。不良生活事件在睡眠问题风险增加中占很大一部分。
