Wang Jianwei, Teng Yanguo, Zhai Yuanzheng, Yue Weifeng, Pan Zhenzhen
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Mar;204(Pt C):112310. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112310. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
90 groundwater samples and 14 surface water samples were collected in wet season (summer) and dry season (winter) in the North China Plain (NCP), and analyzed for 11 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). The results showed that the main types of OPPs in surface water and groundwater were dimethoate, dichlorvos, methyl-parathion, malathion in both summer and winter. The OPP concentrations in groundwater and surface water were higher in summer than in winter. In the vertical direction, the distribution characteristics of different four types of groundwater sampling points are different. In the horizontal direction: farmland adjacent to a river (FAR) > central farmland (CF) > nonfarm area adjacent to a river (NFAR) > central nonfarm area (CNF). The OPPs concentrations in surface water adjacent to farmland were higher than that in surface water adjacent to nonfarm area. The main factors influencing the distribution of OPPs in the groundwater and surface water were the interaction process between them, the groundwater flow field and the OPPs used in agricultural activities. The ecological risk of OPPs to surface water was greater in summer than in winter. Water Flea was at medium risk, and malathion had the greatest influence on Water Flea in both summer and winter. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of the four main OPPs in surface water were higher than in groundwater, and were higher in summer than in winter, but they would not lead to adverse health effects on local residents.
在中国北方平原（NCP）的雨季（夏季）和旱季（冬季）采集了90份地下水样本和14份地表水样本，并对11种有机磷农药（OPPs）进行了分析。结果表明，夏季和冬季地表水和地下水中OPPs的主要类型均为乐果、敌敌畏、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷。地下水和地表水中OPPs的浓度夏季高于冬季。在垂直方向上，不同的四类地下水采样点的分布特征不同。在水平方向上：临河农田（FAR）＞中部农田（CF）＞临河非农区（NFAR）＞中部非农业区（CNF）。农田附近地表水的OPPs浓度高于非农区附近地表水的浓度。影响地下水和地表水中OPPs分布的主要因素是它们之间的相互作用过程、地下水流场以及农业活动中使用的OPPs。OPPs对地表水的生态风险夏季大于冬季。水蚤处于中等风险，马拉硫磷在夏季和冬季对水蚤的影响最大。地表水中四种主要OPPs的非致癌和致癌风险高于地下水，且夏季高于冬季，但不会对当地居民的健康产生不利影响。
