Hyodo Kazuki, Suwabe Kazuya, Yamaguchi Daisuke, Soya Hideaki, Arao Takashi
Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.
Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Ryutsu Keizai University, Ibaraki, Japan.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2021 Oct 6;13:723243. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.723243. eCollection 2021.
There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that one bout of moderate-intensity exercise enhances executive functions in older adults. However, in terms of safety, feasibility, and continuity, older individuals prefer light, easy, and fun exercises to moderate and stressful exercises for improving executive functions. Therefore, light-intensity aerobic dance exercise (LADE) could be suitable if it produces potential benefits related to executive functions. As for continuous vs. intermittent exercise, intermittent exercise has received a lot of attention, as it results in greater effects on mood and executive functions than continuous exercise; however, its effects in older adults remain uncertain. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine the acute effects of intermittent LADE (I-LADE) in comparison with those of continuous LADE (C-LADE) on mood and executive functions. Fifteen healthy older adults participated in 10-min I-LADE and C-LADE conditions on separate days. Perceived enjoyment following exercise was assessed using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). The pleasantness of the mood during exercise and pleasure and arousal levels after exercise were assessed using the Feeling Scale and Two-Dimensional Mood Scale, respectively. Executive function was assessed using the Stroop task before and after exercise. As a result, pleasantness of the mood during exercise and exercise enjoyment levels were greater in I-LADE than in C-LADE. Arousal and pleasure levels and Stroop task performance increased after both LADEs and did not differ between the two exercise conditions. These findings suggest that although enhancement of mood and executive functions after exercise did not differ between C-LADE and I-LADE, I-LADE could be more enjoyable and fun than C-LADE. This study will help in the development of exercise conditions that can enable the elderly to enhance their executive functions in a fun way.
越来越多的证据表明，一次中等强度的锻炼能增强老年人的执行功能。然而，在安全性、可行性和持续性方面，老年人为改善执行功能更喜欢轻松、简单且有趣的锻炼，而非中等强度和有压力的锻炼。因此，如果轻度有氧舞蹈锻炼（LADE）能产生与执行功能相关的潜在益处，那么它可能是合适的。至于持续锻炼与间歇锻炼，间歇锻炼受到了很多关注，因为它对情绪和执行功能的影响比持续锻炼更大；然而，其对老年人的影响仍不确定。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在比较间歇LADE（I-LADE）和持续LADE（C-LADE）对情绪和执行功能的急性影响。15名健康的老年人在不同的日子分别参与了10分钟的I-LADE和C-LADE锻炼。使用身体活动愉悦量表（PACES）评估锻炼后的感知愉悦度。分别使用感觉量表和二维情绪量表评估锻炼期间情绪的愉悦度以及锻炼后的愉悦和唤醒水平。在锻炼前后使用斯特鲁普任务评估执行功能。结果显示，I-LADE锻炼期间情绪的愉悦度和锻炼愉悦水平高于C-LADE。两种LADE锻炼后唤醒和愉悦水平以及斯特鲁普任务表现均有所提高，且两种锻炼条件之间没有差异。这些发现表明，尽管C-LADE和I-LADE锻炼后情绪和执行功能的增强没有差异，但I-LADE可能比C-LADE更有趣。这项研究将有助于开发能够使老年人以有趣的方式增强其执行功能的锻炼条件。
