School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University.
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2021 Oct;47(10):1409-1429. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000950.
After becoming disoriented, an organism must use the local environment to reorient and recover vectors to important locations. A new theory, adaptive combination, suggests that the information from different spatial cues is combined with Bayesian efficiency during reorientation. To test this further, we modified the standard reorientation paradigm to be more amenable to Bayesian cue combination analyses while still requiring reorientation in an allocentric (i.e., world-based, not egocentric) frame. Twelve adults and 20 children at ages 5 to 7 years old were asked to recall locations in a virtual environment after a disorientation. Results were not consistent with adaptive combination. Instead, they are consistent with the use of the most useful (nearest) single landmark in isolation. We term this adaptive selection. Experiment 2 suggests that adults also use the adaptive selection method when they are not disoriented but are still required to use a local allocentric frame. This suggests that the process of recalling a location in the allocentric frame is typically guided by the single most useful landmark rather than a Bayesian combination of landmarks. These results illustrate that there can be important limits to Bayesian theories of the cognition, particularly for complex tasks such as allocentric recall. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
迷失方向后，生物必须利用周围环境重新定向并恢复到重要位置的向量。一种新的理论，即适应性组合，表明在重新定向过程中，不同空间线索的信息与贝叶斯效率相结合。为了进一步验证这一点，我们修改了标准的重新定向范式，使其更适合于贝叶斯线索组合分析，同时仍然要求在无参照（即基于世界的，而不是以自我为中心的）框架中进行重新定向。12 名成年人和 20 名 5 至 7 岁的儿童在迷失方向后被要求回忆虚拟环境中的位置。结果与适应性组合不一致。相反，它们与孤立使用最有用（最近）的单个地标一致。我们将其称为适应性选择。实验 2 表明，即使成年人没有迷失方向，但仍需要使用局部无参照框架时，他们也会使用适应性选择方法。这表明，在无参照框架中回忆位置的过程通常由单个最有用的地标指导，而不是地标之间的贝叶斯组合。这些结果表明，贝叶斯认知理论可能存在重要的局限性，特别是对于无参照回忆等复杂任务。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
