Holmes Clifton J, Hastings Mary K
Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
J Clin Med. 2021 Oct 28;10(21):5042. doi: 10.3390/jcm10215042.
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the presence of symptoms and/or signs of peripheral nerve dysfunction in people with diabetes after the exclusion of other causes. It is associated with pain, paresthesia, sensory loss, muscle atrophy with fat infiltration, and muscular dysfunction typically starting distally in the feet and progressing proximally. Muscle deterioration within the leg and foot can lead to muscle dysfunction, reduced mobility, and increases the risk of disability, ulceration, and amputation. Exercise training is an established method for increasing the different components of physical fitness, including enhancing body composition and improving neuromuscular strength. A number of experimental studies have utilized exercise training to treat various impairments associated with DPN, such as nerve conduction velocity, pain tolerance, and balance. However, the broad spectrum of exercise training modalities implemented and differences in target outcome measurements have made it difficult to understand the efficacy of exercise training interventions or provide appropriate exercise prescription recommendations. Therefore, the aims of this review were to (1) briefly describe the pathophysiology of DPN and (2) discuss the effects of exercise training interventions on sensorimotor, metabolic, and physical functions in people with DPN.
糖尿病性周围神经病变（DPN）是指在排除其他病因后，糖尿病患者出现周围神经功能障碍的症状和/或体征。它与疼痛、感觉异常、感觉丧失、伴有脂肪浸润的肌肉萎缩以及通常从足部远端开始并向近端发展的肌肉功能障碍有关。腿部和足部的肌肉退化会导致肌肉功能障碍、活动能力下降，并增加残疾、溃疡和截肢的风险。运动训练是一种公认的提高身体素质不同组成部分的方法，包括改善身体成分和增强神经肌肉力量。许多实验研究已利用运动训练来治疗与DPN相关的各种损伤，如神经传导速度、疼痛耐受性和平衡能力。然而，所实施的运动训练方式种类繁多，且目标结局测量存在差异，这使得难以了解运动训练干预的效果或提供适当的运动处方建议。因此，本综述的目的是：（1）简要描述DPN的病理生理学；（2）讨论运动训练干预对DPN患者感觉运动、代谢和身体功能的影响。
