Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
LFE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 Aug 13;19(3):444-451. eCollection 2020 Sep.
The influence of aerobic training on cardiovascular disorders has already been demonstrated. However, the effect of resistance training is less well known. Arterial stiffness is an increasingly important measure in cardiovascular health. Therefore, this review attempted to study the results of resistance training-based interventions on arterial stiffness in healthy people, for both acute and chronic interventions. A literature search was conducted for randomized controlled trials on the acute and chronic effects of strength training. Studies published in PubMed and SportDiscus databases between 1999 and April 2019 were analyzed. In chronic strength training effects, the majority of groups showed large (d = -1.49 to -1.20) and moderate (d = -1.07) decreases, and small and trivial changes in arterial stiffness. In acute effects interventions, a very large decrease (d = -3.92) was observed, while large (d = 1.24-1.48) and very large (d = 3.88) increases were also found. A resistance training-based intervention of more than four weeks' duration with a frequency of two days per week seems not to compromise cardiovascular health, due to decreases in arterial stiffness. However, there is a general trend towards both increasing and maintaining arterial stiffness after isolated strength training sessions.
有氧运动对心血管疾病的影响已经得到证实。然而，抗阻训练的效果却知之甚少。动脉僵硬度是心血管健康中一个越来越重要的衡量指标。因此，本综述试图研究基于抗阻训练的干预措施对健康人群动脉僵硬度的急性和慢性影响。我们对急性和慢性抗阻训练效果的随机对照试验进行了文献检索。分析了 1999 年至 2019 年 4 月期间在 PubMed 和 SportDiscus 数据库中发表的研究。在慢性抗阻训练效果中，大多数组显示出较大（d = -1.49 至-1.20）和中度（d = -1.07）的降低，以及较小和微不足道的动脉僵硬度变化。在急性效应干预中，观察到非常大的下降（d = -3.92），而大（d = 1.24-1.48）和非常大（d = 3.88）的增加也被发现。每周进行两次、持续超过四周的基于抗阻训练的干预似乎不会因动脉僵硬度降低而对心血管健康造成损害。然而，在单独进行抗阻训练后，动脉僵硬度有增加和维持的总体趋势。
