State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Swine Nutrition and Production, West Central Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN 56267, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 22;22(21):11411. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111411.
Ulcerative colitis (UC), which affects millions of people worldwide, is characterized by extensive colonic injury involving mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role in cellular protection against oxidant-induced stress. Antioxidant response element (ARE) is the binding site recognized by Nrf2 and leads to the expression of phase II detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant proteins. The Nrf2/ARE system is a key factor for preventing and resolving tissue injury and inflammation in disease conditions such as UC. Researchers have proposed that both Keap1-dependent and Keap1-independent cascades contribute positive effects on activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge on mechanisms controlling the activation process. We will further review nutritional compounds that can modulate activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway and may be used as potential therapeutic application of UC. These comprehensive data will help us to better understand the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and promote its effective application in response to common diseases induced by oxidative stress and inflammation.
溃疡性结肠炎（UC）影响着全球数百万人，其特征是广泛的结肠损伤，涉及结肠的黏膜和黏膜下层。核因子 E2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）在细胞对抗氧化剂诱导的应激中起着至关重要的作用。抗氧化反应元件（ARE）是 Nrf2 识别的结合位点，导致 II 相解毒酶和抗氧化蛋白的表达。Nrf2/ARE 系统是预防和解决 UC 等疾病状态下组织损伤和炎症的关键因素。研究人员提出，Keap1 依赖性和 Keap1 非依赖性级联都对 Nrf2/ARE 途径的激活有积极作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了控制激活过程的现有知识。我们将进一步回顾可以调节 Nrf2/ARE 途径激活的营养化合物，并可能将其作为 UC 的潜在治疗应用。这些综合数据将有助于我们更好地理解 Nrf2/ARE 信号通路，并促进其在应对由氧化应激和炎症引起的常见疾病方面的有效应用。
