Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 27;22(21):11581. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111581.
is one of the major invasive weeds that causes instability of the ecosystem. Research has reported that produces allelochemicals that inhibit the growth and development of food crops, and also contain some toxic compounds that cause toxicity to animals that consume it. Over the past decades, studies on the identification of major toxic compounds of and their toxic molecular mechanisms have been reported. In addition, weed control interventions, such as herbicides application, was employed to reduce the spread of . However, the development of therapeutic and prophylactic measures to treat the various -induced toxicities, such as hepatotoxicity, splenotoxicity and other related disorders, have not been established to date. The main toxic pathogenesis of is oxidative stress and inflammation. However, numerous studies have verified that some extracts and secondary metabolites isolated from possess anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation activities, which implies that these extracts can relieve toxicity and aid in the development of drug or feed supplements to treat poisoning-related disorders caused by . Furthermore, beneficial bacteria isolated from rumen microbes and can degrade major toxic compounds in so as to be developed into microbial feed additives to help ameliorate toxicity mediated by . This review presents an overview of the toxic mechanisms of , provides possible therapeutic strategies that are available to mitigate the toxicity of and introduces relevant information on identifying novel prophylactic and therapeutic measures against -induced toxicity.
是一种主要的入侵性杂草，会导致生态系统不稳定。研究报告表明，产生化感物质，抑制粮食作物的生长和发育，还含有一些有毒化合物，导致食用它的动物中毒。在过去的几十年中，已经有关于鉴定的主要有毒化合物及其毒性分子机制的研究报告。此外，还采用了杂草控制干预措施，如除草剂的应用，以减少的传播。然而，迄今为止，尚未制定出治疗各种中毒引起的毒性的治疗和预防措施，如肝毒性、脾毒性和其他相关疾病。的主要毒性发病机制是氧化应激和炎症。然而，许多研究已经证实，从中分离出的一些提取物和次生代谢物具有抗氧化和抗炎活性，这意味着这些提取物可以减轻毒性，并有助于开发药物或饲料补充剂来治疗由引起的中毒相关疾病。此外，从瘤胃微生物和中分离出的有益细菌可以降解中的主要有毒化合物，从而开发成微生物饲料添加剂，以帮助改善由引起的毒性。本文综述了的毒性机制，提供了可能的治疗策略，以减轻的毒性，并介绍了针对中毒的新型预防和治疗措施的相关信息。
