Research Center of Biotechnology, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Oct 26;21(21):7098. doi: 10.3390/s21217098.
Many studies have found that gold nanoparticles with branched surfaces (nanoflowers) are markers for immunosensors that provide higher sensitivity gains than the commonly used spherical gold nanoparticles. Although the analytical characteristics of nanoparticle-using systems vary significantly depending on their size and shape, the question of choosing the best gold nanoflowers remains open. This work presents a comparative study of a panel of 33 preparations of gold nanoflowers formed by varying several parameters: the size of spherical nanoparticles-nuclei, the concentrations of nuclei, and tetrachloroauric acid during growth. The sizes of the resulting particles, their sorption capacity under antibody immobilization, mobility along membranes for lateral flow assays, and the effects of these parameters on the limits of detection of lateral flow immunoassay are characterized. The optimality of preparations obtained by growing a 0.2% / solution of nuclei with a diameter of 10 or 20 nm with tetrachloroauric acid at a concentration of 0.12 mM was shown. With their use, lateral flow immune tests were developed to determine markers of acute myocardial infarction-fatty acids binding protein and troponins I and T. The use of gold nanoflowers obtained under the proposed protocols led to significant gains in the limits of detection-3 to 10 times under visual detection and over 100 times under instrumental detection-compared to spherical gold nanoparticles. The significant increase under instrumental detection is due to the label's low nonspecific binding.
许多研究发现，具有支化表面的金纳米粒子（纳米花）是免疫传感器的标志物，比常用的球形金纳米粒子提供更高的灵敏度增益。尽管基于纳米粒子的系统的分析特性因尺寸和形状而异，但选择最佳金纳米花的问题仍然存在。这项工作对 33 种由不同参数制备的金纳米花进行了比较研究：球形纳米粒子核的大小、核的浓度以及生长过程中的四氯金酸。对所得粒子的尺寸、在抗体固定化下的吸附能力、沿膜的流动性进行了研究，以及这些参数对侧向流动免疫分析检测限的影响。结果表明，通过在浓度为 0.12 mM 的条件下生长直径为 10 或 20nm 的核 0.2%/溶液，可得到最优的制备物。利用这些制备物，开发了侧向流动免疫测试来测定急性心肌梗死标志物——脂肪酸结合蛋白和肌钙蛋白 I 和 T。与球形金纳米粒子相比，在视觉检测下，使用所提出方案获得的金纳米花使检测限提高了 3 到 10 倍，在仪器检测下提高了 100 多倍。在仪器检测下的显著提高是由于标记物的非特异性结合较低。
