Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland.
Molecules. 2021 Oct 28;26(21):6515. doi: 10.3390/molecules26216515.
The increase of the global population and shortage of renewable water resources urges the development of possible remedies to improve the quality and reusability of waste and contaminated water supplies. Different water pollutants, such as heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), and pharmaceuticals, are produced through continuous technical and industrial developments that are emerging with the increasing population. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) represent a class of synthetic receptors that can be produced from different types of polymerization reactions between a target template and functional monomer(s), having functional groups specifically interacting with the template; such interactions can be tailored according to the purpose of designing the polymer and based on the nature of the target compounds. The removal of the template using suitable knocking out agents renders a recognition cavity that can specifically rebind to the target template which is the main mechanism of the applicability of MIPs in electrochemical sensors and as solid phase extraction sorbents. MIPs have unique properties in terms of stability, selectivity, and resistance to acids and bases besides being of low cost and simple to prepare; thus, they are excellent materials to be used for water analysis. The current review represents the different applications of MIPs in the past five years for the detection of different classes of water and wastewater contaminants and possible approaches for future applications.
全球人口的增加和可再生水资源的短缺促使人们开发可能的方法来提高废水和污染水的质量和再利用性。不同的水污染物，如重金属、染料、农药、内分泌干扰化合物（EDCs）和药物，是通过不断的技术和工业发展产生的，这些发展随着人口的增加而不断涌现。分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）是一类合成受体，可通过目标模板和功能单体（s）之间的不同类型聚合反应来制备，具有与模板特异性相互作用的功能基团；这种相互作用可以根据设计聚合物的目的和目标化合物的性质进行调整。使用合适的敲出剂去除模板，会形成一个识别腔，该腔可以特异性地与目标模板结合，这是 MIPs 在电化学传感器中的适用性和作为固相萃取吸附剂的主要机制。MIPs 具有稳定性、选择性和耐酸碱性等独特性质，此外成本低廉且易于制备；因此，它们是用于水质分析的优秀材料。本综述介绍了过去五年中 MIPs 在检测不同类别的水和废水污染物方面的不同应用，以及未来应用的可能方法。
