Li Zhixia, Su Xuesu, Dong Chao, Zhou Jie, An Wenjin, Wang Chengqiu, Jiao Bining
Southwest University, Citrus Research Institute, Chongqing 400712, China; Southwest University, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing 400715, China.
Southwest University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing 400715, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Nov 11;228:112958. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112958.
The present study was carried out to profile the dissipation patterns and residues of five pesticides (triazophos, profenofos, chlorpyrifos, etoxazole and bifenthrin) on kumquat using QuEChERS method coupled with HPLC-MS/MS. The corresponding dietary health risks were also estimated. In the method validation, satisfactory results of good linearity (r ≥ 0.9956), sensitivity (limits of quantification ≤0.01 mg/kg), recoveries (71.0-95.7%) with relative standard deviations (0.70-9.4%) were obtained. The half-lives of the five pesticides in kumquat were 13.6-38.5 d under field conditions according to first-order kinetics. Based on the final residue experiment, dietary exposure risks of profenofos, chlorpyrifos, etoxazole and bifenthrin were all acceptably low, with RQ and RQ values of 0.00199-0.122 and 0.00145-0.200, respectively. However, exposure intake of triazophos posed unacceptable acute and chronic health risks for Chinese residents, especially for children with RQ and RQ up to 4.25 and 2.19. Forbidden use suggestion of triazophos and recommended MRLs of profenofos and bifenthrin were put forward in kumquat for safe production and consumption. This work was significant in providing guidance on appropriate application and MRL establishment of pesticides in kumquat.
本研究采用QuEChERS方法结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法，对金橘中5种农药（三唑磷、丙溴磷、毒死蜱、乙螨唑和联苯菊酯）的消解模式和残留量进行了分析，并评估了相应的膳食健康风险。在方法验证中，获得了良好的线性关系（r≥0.9956）、灵敏度（定量限≤0.01 mg/kg）、回收率（71.0-95.7%）以及相对标准偏差（0.70-9.4%）等令人满意的结果。根据一级动力学，这5种农药在金橘中的半衰期在田间条件下为13.6-38.5天。基于最终残留试验，丙溴磷、毒死蜱、乙螨唑和联苯菊酯的膳食暴露风险均处于可接受的低水平，风险商（RQ）值分别为0.00199-0.122和0.00145-0.200。然而，三唑磷的暴露摄入量对中国居民，尤其是儿童构成了不可接受的急性和慢性健康风险，其RQ值高达4.25和2.19。为了安全生产和消费，提出了禁止在金橘中使用三唑磷以及推荐丙溴磷和联苯菊酯最大残留限量的建议。这项工作对于指导金橘中农药的合理使用和最大残留限量的制定具有重要意义。
