Schwitzgebel Eric, Cokelet Bradford, Singer Peter
Department of Philosophy, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521-0201 USA.
University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA.
Rev Philos Psychol. 2023;14(1):113-138. doi: 10.1007/s13164-021-00583-0. Epub 2021 Nov 6.
In the first controlled, non-self-report studies to show an influence of university-level ethical instruction on everyday behavior, Schwitzgebel et al. (2020) and Jalil et al. (2020) found that students purchase less meat after exposure to material on the ethics of eating meat. We sought to extend and conceptually replicate this research. Seven hundred thirty students in three large philosophy classes read James Rachels' (2004) "Basic Argument for Vegetarianism", followed by 50-min small-group discussions. Half also viewed a vegetarianism advocacy video containing factory farm footage. A few days after instruction, 54% of students agreed that "eating the meat of factory farmed animals is unethical", compared to 37% before instruction, with no difference between the film and non-film conditions. Also, 39% of students anonymously pledged to avoid eating factory farmed meat for 24 h, again with no statistically detectable difference between conditions. Finally, we obtained 2828 campus food purchase receipts for 113 of the enrolled students who used their Student ID cards for purchases on campus, which we compared with 5033 purchases from a group of 226 students who did not receive the instruction. Meat purchases remained constant in the comparison group and declined among the students exposed to the material, falling from 30% to 23% of purchases overall and from 51% to 42% of purchases of $4.99 or more, with the effect possibly larger in the film condition.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13164-021-00583-0.
在首批表明大学层面的伦理教育对日常行为有影响的对照、非自我报告研究中，施维茨格贝尔等人（2020年）和贾利尔等人（2020年）发现，学生在接触有关吃肉伦理的材料后购买的肉类减少。我们试图扩展并从概念上重复这项研究。三个大型哲学课上的730名学生阅读了詹姆斯·雷切尔斯（2004年）的《素食主义的基本论点》，随后进行了50分钟的小组讨论。其中一半学生还观看了一段包含工厂化养殖场画面的素食主义宣传视频。在接受教育几天后，54%的学生同意“食用工厂化养殖动物的肉是不道德的”，而教育前这一比例为37%，观看视频组和未观看视频组之间没有差异。此外，39%的学生匿名承诺在24小时内不吃工厂化养殖的肉，同样，两组之间在统计学上没有可检测到的差异。最后，我们获得了113名在校学生的2828张校园食品购买收据，这些学生在校园内使用学生证购物，我们将其与一组未接受该教育的226名学生的5033次购买记录进行了比较。对照组的肉类购买量保持不变，而接触相关材料的学生的肉类购买量有所下降，总体购买量从30%降至23%，4.99美元及以上的购买量从51%降至42%，在观看视频组中这种影响可能更大。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13164-021-00583-0获取的补充材料。
