O'Neill Carley D, Vidal-Almela Sol, Terada Tasuku, Way Kimberley L, Kamiya Kentaro, Sperlich Billy, Duking Peter, Chaput Jean-Phillipe, Prince Stephanie A, Pipe Andrew L, Reed Jennifer L
Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
CJC Open. 2021 Dec;3(12):1495-1504. doi: 10.1016/j.cjco.2021.08.010. Epub 2021 Aug 28.
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 is a global public health crisis that disproportionately affects those with preexisting conditions. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and many key CVD risk factors are modifiable (e.g., physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour, obesity). To limit the spread of coronavirus 2019, most governments have implemented restrictions and recommended staying at home, reducing social contact to a select and exclusive few, and limiting large gatherings. Such public health constraints may have unintended, negative health consequences on 24-hour movement behaviours. The primary purpose of this review is to provide practical at-home recommendations for sedentary time, sleep, and physical activity in those living with CVD. Adults with CVD will benefit from practical recommendations to reduce sedentary time, increase purposeful exercise, and maintain optimal sleep patterns while being at home and adhering to public health restrictions. Our recommendations include the following: (i) self-monitoring sitting time; (ii) engaging in 2-3 days per week of purposeful exercise for those with low exercise capacity and > 3 days per week for those with moderate-to-high exercise capacity; (iii) self-monitoring exercise intensity through the use of scales or wearable devices; (iv) maintaining a regular sleep schedule; and (v) moving daily. Clinicians should be aware that clear communication of the importance of limiting prolonged sedentary time, engaging in regular physical activity and exercise, and ensuring optimal sleep in association with the provision of clear, comprehensible, and practical advice is fundamental to ensuring that those living with CVD respond optimally to the challenges posed by the pandemic.
2019年新型冠状病毒病是一场全球公共卫生危机，对已有疾病的人群影响尤甚。心血管疾病（CVD）是全球首要死因，许多关键的心血管疾病风险因素是可以改变的（例如，身体活动不足、久坐行为、肥胖）。为限制新型冠状病毒的传播，大多数政府已实施限制措施，并建议居家、减少社交接触至极少数特定人群，并限制大型集会。此类公共卫生限制措施可能会对24小时运动行为产生意想不到的负面健康影响。本综述的主要目的是为患有心血管疾病的人群提供关于久坐时间、睡眠和身体活动的实用居家建议。患有心血管疾病的成年人将受益于实用建议，以减少久坐时间、增加有目的的锻炼，并在居家并遵守公共卫生限制措施的同时保持最佳睡眠模式。我们的建议如下：（i）自我监测坐姿时间；（ii）运动能力低的人每周进行2至3天有目的的锻炼，运动能力中等到高的人每周进行超过3天有目的的锻炼；（iii）通过使用体重秤或可穿戴设备自我监测运动强度；（iv）保持规律的睡眠时间表；（v）每天活动身体。临床医生应意识到，清晰传达限制长时间久坐、进行规律体育活动和锻炼以及确保最佳睡眠的重要性，并提供清晰、易懂且实用的建议，对于确保患有心血管疾病的人群对疫情带来的挑战做出最佳反应至关重要。
