影响肝移植患者焦虑、抑郁和自我护理能力的因素。
Factors affecting anxiety, depression, and self-care ability in patients who have undergone liver transplantation.
机构信息
Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya 44280, Turkey.
Department of Public Health, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya 44280, Turkey.
出版信息
World J Gastroenterol. 2021 Oct 28;27(40):6967-6984. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i40.6967.
BACKGROUND
Depression, anxiety, and altered self-care ability are among the most important factors affecting the quality of life of liver transplant recipients. Depending on the severity of the underlying liver disease, signs and symptoms of anxiety and depression may become more pronounced.
AIM
To evaluate the factors affecting depression, anxiety and self-care abilities of liver transplant recipients.
METHODS
Recipients who are ≥ 18 years and who underwent liver transplantation at Inonu University Liver Transplantation Institute were included in this descriptive and cross-sectional study. Sample size analysis showed that the minimum number of recipients should be 301 (confidence level = 95%, confidence interval = 2.5, population = 1382). Three hundred and twenty recipients were interviewed and 316 recipients that have answered the questionnaires accurately were analyzed. The dependent variables were the Beck Depression Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Scale (Form I and II), and Self-Care Agency Scale. The independent variables of the study were sociodemographic characteristics, biliary complications, hepatocellular carcinoma, recommending liver transplantation to other patients, and the interval of out-patient clinic visits.
RESULTS
Self-care ability scores were lower ( = 0.002) and anxiety scores were higher ( = 0.004) in recipients with biliary complications. On the other hand, in recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma, self-care scores were lower ( = 0.006) while depression ( = 0.003) and anxiety scores ( = 0.009) were higher. Liver transplantation recipients with a monthly income < 3000 Turkish liras had higher depression ( < 0.001) and anxiety ( = 0.003) scores. The recipients who stated that they would not recommend liver transplantation to others had lower self-care scores ( = 0.002), higher depression ( < 0.001), higher state anxiety ( = 0.02), and trait anxiety ( < 0.001) scores.
CONCLUSION
Presence of biliary complications and hepatocellular carcinoma, low income level, and an obligation for monthly visits to the outpatient clinic are factors that are found to affect self-care capability, depression, and anxiety.
背景
抑郁、焦虑和自我护理能力的改变是影响肝移植受者生活质量的最重要因素之一。根据潜在肝病的严重程度，焦虑和抑郁的迹象和症状可能会更加明显。
目的
评估影响肝移植受者抑郁、焦虑和自我护理能力的因素。
方法
本描述性和横断面研究纳入了年龄≥ 18 岁并在因努大学肝移植研究所接受肝移植的受者。样本量分析表明，应至少纳入 301 名受者（置信水平= 95%，置信区间= 2.5，总体= 1382）。对 320 名受者进行了访谈，并对准确回答问卷的 316 名受者进行了分析。因变量为贝克抑郁量表、状态-特质焦虑量表（第一和第二版）和自我护理能力量表。研究的自变量为社会人口学特征、胆道并发症、肝细胞癌、向其他患者推荐肝移植以及门诊就诊间隔。
结果
胆道并发症受者的自我护理能力评分较低（= 0.002），焦虑评分较高（= 0.004）。另一方面，患有肝细胞癌的受者自我护理评分较低（= 0.006），而抑郁（= 0.003）和焦虑评分（= 0.009）较高。月收入<3000 土耳其里拉的肝移植受者抑郁（<0.001）和焦虑（= 0.003）评分较高。表示不会向他人推荐肝移植的受者自我护理评分较低（= 0.002），抑郁（<0.001）、状态焦虑（= 0.02）和特质焦虑（<0.001）评分较高。
结论
胆道并发症和肝细胞癌的存在、低收入水平以及每月到门诊就诊的义务是影响自我护理能力、抑郁和焦虑的因素。
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