Guerras Lidia S, Sengupta Debalina, Martín Mariano, El-Halwagi Mahmoud M
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Plz. Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
Gas and Fuels Research Center, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, 7607 Eastmark Drive, College Station, Texas 77840, United States.
ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2021 May 10;9(18):6410-6426. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01284. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
A multistage multilayer systematic procedure has been developed for the selection of the optimal product portfolio from waste biomass as feedstock for systems involving water-energy-food nexus. It consists of a hybrid heuristic, metric-based, and optimization methodology that evaluates the economic and environmental performance of added-value products from a particular raw material. The first stage preselects the promising products. Next, a superstructure optimization problem is formulated to valorize or transform waste into the optimal set of products. The methodology has been applied within the waste to power and chemicals initiative to evaluate the best use of the biomass residue from the olive oil industry toward food, chemicals, and energy. The heuristic stage is based on the literature review to analyze the feasible products and techniques. Next, simple metrics have been developed and used to preselect products that are promising. Finally, a superstructure optimization approach is used to design the facility that processes leaves, wood chips, and olives into final products. The best technique to recover phenols from "alperujo", a wet solid waste/byproduct of the process, consists of the use of membranes, while the adsorption technique is used for the recovery of phenols from olive leaves and branches. The investment required to process waste adds up to €110.2 million for a 100 kt/yr for the olive production facility, while the profit depends on the level of integration. If the facility is attached to an olive oil production, the generated profit ranges between 14.5 MM €/yr (when the waste is purchased at prices of €249 per ton of alperujo and €6 per ton of olive leaves and branches) and 34.3 MM €/yr when the waste material is obtained for free.
已开发出一种多阶段、多层的系统程序，用于从废弃生物质中选择最优产品组合，作为涉及水-能源-食物关联系统的原料。它由一种混合启发式、基于指标和优化的方法组成，该方法评估特定原材料增值产品的经济和环境绩效。第一阶段预选有前景的产品。接下来，制定一个超结构优化问题，以将废物增值或转化为最优产品组合。该方法已应用于废物转化为电力和化学品的倡议中，以评估橄榄油行业生物质残渣在食品、化学品和能源方面的最佳利用。启发式阶段基于文献综述来分析可行的产品和技术。接下来，已开发并使用简单指标来预选有前景的产品。最后，采用超结构优化方法来设计将树叶、木屑和橄榄加工成最终产品的设施。从该过程的湿固体废物/副产品“alperujo”中回收酚类的最佳技术是使用膜，而吸附技术用于从橄榄叶和树枝中回收酚类。对于一个年处理量为100千吨的橄榄油生产设施，处理废物所需的投资总计达1.102亿欧元，而利润则取决于整合程度。如果该设施与橄榄油生产相连，产生的利润在每年1450万欧元（当以每吨249欧元的价格购买alperujo废物以及每吨6欧元的价格购买橄榄叶和树枝时）到每年3430万欧元（当免费获得废料时）之间。
