Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
J Neurochem. 2022 Jul;162(1):24-38. doi: 10.1111/jnc.15540. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
A confluence of factors has renewed interest in the scientific understanding and translational potential of psychedelic drugs such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin: the desire for additional approaches to mental health care, incremental progress in basic and clinical research, and the reconsideration and relaxation of existing drug policies. With the United States Food and Drug Administration's designation of psilocybin as a "Breakthrough Therapy" for treatment-resistant depression, a new path has been forged for the conveyance of psychedelics to the clinic. Essential to the further development of such applications, however, is a clearer understanding of how these drugs exert their effects at the molecular level. Here we review the current knowledge regarding the molecular details of psychedelic drug actions and suggest that these discoveries can facilitate new insights into their hallucinogenic and therapeutic mechanisms.
多种因素的结合重新引起了人们对迷幻药（如麦角酸二乙酰胺（LSD）、三甲氧苯乙胺和裸盖菇素）的科学理解和转化潜力的兴趣：人们渴望寻求更多的心理健康护理方法，基础和临床研究取得了渐进式进展，以及对现有药物政策的重新考虑和放宽。随着美国食品和药物管理局将裸盖菇素指定为治疗耐药性抑郁症的“突破性疗法”，迷幻药向临床应用的新途径已经开辟。然而，此类应用的进一步发展的关键是更清楚地了解这些药物如何在分子水平上发挥作用。在这里，我们回顾了关于迷幻药作用的分子细节的现有知识，并提出这些发现可以促进对其致幻和治疗机制的新见解。
