Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Desk A 30, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, 1100 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2022 Jan;32(1):131-146. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2021.08.005.
Secondary prevention of colorectal neoplasia with chemoprevention is long-studied area of research and clinical use in patients with the 2 most common hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes including Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis. No medication is currently approved for use for the prevention of colorectal polyps or cancer in either the general population or individuals with the hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes. Emerging data in animal models and limited data in humans suggest vaccines may be the next breakthrough for neoplasia prevention in patients with hereditary colorectal cancer. Clinicians must acknowledge chemoprevention is an adjunct and does not supplant endoscopic surveillance.
化学预防在结直肠肿瘤的二级预防中是一个研究已久的领域，在两种最常见的遗传性结直肠癌综合征（包括林奇综合征和家族性腺瘤性息肉病）患者的临床应用中已有很长的历史。目前尚无药物被批准用于预防普通人群或遗传性结直肠癌综合征患者的结直肠息肉或癌症。动物模型中的新数据和人类中的有限数据表明，疫苗可能是遗传性结直肠癌患者预防肿瘤的下一个突破。临床医生必须认识到，化学预防是一种辅助手段，不能替代内镜监测。
