Hydraulics Division, Civil Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey E-mail:
Department of Civil Engineering, Erzurum Technical University, 25050 Erzurum, Turkey.
Water Sci Technol. 2021 Nov;84(9):2194-2213. doi: 10.2166/wst.2021.432.
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the low impact development (LID) practices on sustainable urban flood storm water management. We applied three LID techniques, i.e. green roof, permeable pavements and bioretention cells, on a highly urbanized watershed in Istanbul, Turkey. The EPA-SWMM was used as a hydrologic-hydraulic model and the model calibration was performed by the well-known Parameter ESTimation (PEST) tool. The rainfall-runoff events occurred between 2012 and 2020. A sensitivity analysis on the parameter selection was applied to reduce the computational cost. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) was used as the objective function and it was calculated as 0.809 in the model calibration. The simulations were conducted for six different return periods of a storm event, i.e. 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years, in which the synthetic storm event hyetographs were produced by means of the alternating block method. The results revealed that the combination of green roof and permeable pavements have the major impact on both the peak flood reduction and runoff volume reduction compared to the single LIDs. The maximum runoff reduction percentage was obtained as 56.02% for a 10 years return period of a storm event in the combination scenario.
本研究旨在探讨低影响开发（LID）实践在可持续城市洪泛雨水管理中的有效性。我们在土耳其伊斯坦布尔的一个高度城市化流域应用了三种 LID 技术，即绿色屋顶、透水铺装和生物滞留池。采用 EPA-SWMM 作为水文水力模型，应用著名的参数估计（PEST）工具进行模型校准。降雨-径流事件发生在 2012 年至 2020 年之间。对参数选择进行了敏感性分析，以降低计算成本。纳什效率系数（NSE）被用作目标函数，模型校准中的值为 0.809。针对六种不同重现期的暴雨事件（2 年、5 年、10 年、25 年、50 年和 100 年）进行了模拟，其中通过交替块法生成了综合暴雨事件雨型。结果表明，与单一 LID 相比，绿色屋顶和透水铺装的组合对减少峰值洪水和径流量的影响更大。在组合场景中，暴雨事件重现期为 10 年时，最大径流量减少率达到 56.02%。
