Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Parasitology. 2022 Mar;149(3):418-426. doi: 10.1017/S0031182021002018. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
Congenital transmission of Chagas disease plays an important role in endemic countries because it is not a diagnosis that is encountered frequently in prenatal care. Due to limited information regarding congenital transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in Mexico, the present study aimed to investigate protozoan infectivity and modulation of immune responses in human placental explants infected with T. cruzi Ia Mexican strains. The Inc-5 strain showed increased infectivity and modulated IL-1β, IL-10 and TLR-4, decreasing their expression after 24 h of infection. Both strains (Inc-5 and Ninoa) stimulated the production of TNF-α and decreased IL-6 levels 96 h after infection. An important detachment of the syncytiotrophoblast caused by infection with T. cruzi was observed after 24 h of infection. In this study, ex vivo infection of human placental villi was performed to better understand interactions involving parasitic T. cruzi and human placental tissue. It was concluded that the strains of TcIa present parasitism in placental tissue, modulation of the innate immune system of the placenta, and cause intense detachment of the syncytiotrophoblast, a fact that may be more associated with abortion and premature birth events than the congenital transmission itself, justifying the low rate of this transmission mechanism by this genotype.
先天性克氏锥虫病传播在流行国家中起着重要作用，因为它不是产前保健中经常遇到的诊断。由于有关墨西哥克氏锥虫先天性传播的信息有限，本研究旨在研究感染了克氏锥虫 Ia 墨西哥株的人胎盘外植体中的原生动物感染力和免疫反应的调节。Inc-5 株显示出更高的感染力，并调节了 IL-1β、IL-10 和 TLR-4，在感染后 24 小时降低了它们的表达。两种菌株（Inc-5 和 Ninoa）刺激 TNF-α 的产生，并在感染 96 小时后降低 IL-6 水平。在感染 24 小时后，观察到感染克氏锥虫导致合体滋养层明显分离。在这项研究中，对人胎盘绒毛进行了离体感染，以更好地理解涉及寄生性克氏锥虫和人胎盘组织的相互作用。研究得出结论，TcIa 株在胎盘组织中寄生，调节胎盘固有免疫系统，并导致合体滋养层强烈分离，这一事实可能与流产和早产事件的关系比先天性传播本身更为密切，这也解释了这种基因型传播机制的低发生率。
