Takeuchi Mariko, Matsunaga Michiko, Miyake Akimitsu, Egashira Ryuichiro, Hotta Sayaka, Nakano Mai, Moriguchi Misaki, Yasuno Fumihiko, Myowa Masako, Hagihara Keisuke
Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Apr 28;25(1):1569. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22765-6.
Resilience has been recognized as a potential outcome for preserving mental health and preventing postpartum depression. Social connection and emotional regulation have been identified as possible factors in resilience from social and cultural perspectives. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a scale that is adapted to the Japanese cultural milieu.
To establish the validity and reliability of the new resilience scale, questionnaires were administered to mothers raising children aged 0-5 years.
The Japan Resilience Scale (J-RS) is a newly created, 25-item, self-report scale designed to assess resilience. The J-RS includes six subscales (Joy, Anger, Apprehension, Grief, Fear, and Social connection) that are rated on a 5-point Likert scale (0-4). To validate the J-RS, data were collected from 238 mothers (mean age 35.3 ± 4.7 years), and its relationships with other measures, such as the Resilience Scale (RS) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, were examined. Internal consistency (reliability) of the J-RS was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and the final model was determined via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Multiple logistic regression analysis was then used to identify depressive symptoms using the CES-D.
A total of 238 mothers, with 18.5% exhibiting depressive symptoms, were analyzed. The mean J-RS score was 61.3 ± 14.2. J-RS was positively correlated with RS (r = 0.71, p < 0.01) and negatively with CES-D (r = -0.62, p < 0.01). These results demonstrate the construct validity of the J-RS. CFA confirmed the six-factor model's good fit for emotion and social connection. The J-RS was effective in distinguishing individuals at risk of depression (AUC = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75-0.91). At a cutoff of 59/60, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 84.1%, 63.9%, 34.6%, and 94.7% respectively.
The J-RS appears to be the optimal index for assessing resilience, and would allow screening for postpartum depression among Japanese mothers. This study also showed that emotional control and social connectedness are important components of resilience.
心理韧性已被视为维护心理健康和预防产后抑郁的潜在结果。从社会和文化角度来看，社会联系和情绪调节已被确定为心理韧性的可能因素。因此，有必要开发一种适用于日本文化环境的量表。
为了建立新的心理韧性量表的有效性和可靠性，对抚养0至5岁孩子的母亲进行了问卷调查。
日本心理韧性量表（J-RS）是一个新创建的、包含25个条目的自陈式量表，旨在评估心理韧性。J-RS包括六个分量表（喜悦、愤怒、担忧、悲伤、恐惧和社会联系），采用5点李克特量表（0 - 4）进行评分。为了验证J-RS，收集了238名母亲（平均年龄35.3±4.7岁）的数据，并检验了它与其他量表（如心理韧性量表（RS）和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D））之间的关系。使用克朗巴哈α系数评估J-RS的内部一致性（可靠性），并通过验证性因素分析（CFA）确定最终模型。然后使用多元逻辑回归分析，以CES-D来识别抑郁症状。
共分析了238名母亲，其中18.5%表现出抑郁症状。J-RS的平均得分为61.3±14.2。J-RS与RS呈正相关（r = 0.71，p < 0.01），与CES-D呈负相关（r = -0.62，p < 0.01）。这些结果证明了J-RS的结构效度。CFA证实了六因素模型对情绪和社会联系的良好拟合。J-RS在区分有抑郁风险的个体方面有效（AUC = 0.83，95% CI：0.75 - 0.91）。在临界值为59/60时，敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为84.1%、63.9%、34.6%和94.7%。
J-RS似乎是评估心理韧性的最佳指标，可用于筛查日本母亲中的产后抑郁。本研究还表明，情绪控制和社会联系是心理韧性的重要组成部分。
