School of Medicine, Analytical Chemistry Department, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Maderoy Aguirre Pequeno, s / n. Col. Mitras Centro. Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. Mexico.
School of Medicine, Bioevaluation Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Leñeros and Iztaccihuatl s / n Col. Volcanes. Cuernavaca, Morelos. Mexico.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2021 Jan 31;67(1):212-218. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.1.30.
iabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-contagious diseases. In 2017, The International Diabetes Federation reported that around 425 million people suffer from diabetes worldwide. Medications used for the treatment of diabetes lead to unwanted side effects, and thus, new safe drugs are necessary. Some natural plant-based products exhibit anti hyperglycemic activity and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity (using both in vitro and in vivo models) as well as cytotoxicity of the extracts obtained from various plants. Nine extracts from a total of eight plant species were subjected to in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. Subsequently, they were assessed through the ex vivo everted sac assay, and finally, the in vivo antihyperglycemic activity was evaluated. The extracts obtained from Ceanothus coeruleus, Chrysactinia mexicana and Zanthoxylum fagara inhibited the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in the in vitro assays. Ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic extracts from Jatropha dioica, hydroalcoholic extract from Salvia ballotaeflora and Chrysactinia mexicana, as well as methanolic extract from Ricinus communis and Zanthoxylum fagara significantly reduced the glucose uptake in the ex vivo everted intestinal sac test. All the eight extracts showed antihyperglycemic effect through the in vivo model of the Glucose Tolerance Test, using starch as the carbohydrate source. The antihyperglycemic effect of the extracts could be mediated through the inhibition of digestive enzymes and/or the absorption of glucose through the intestine. However, the mechanism of action for the hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia texana and the methanolic extract of Turnera diffusa, which showed a strong in vivo antihyperglycemic effect, is unclear.
糖尿病是最常见的非传染性疾病之一。2017 年，国际糖尿病联合会报告称，全球约有 4.25 亿人患有糖尿病。用于治疗糖尿病的药物会导致不良反应，因此需要新的安全药物。一些天然植物产品具有抗高血糖活性和低毒性。本研究旨在评估从不同植物中获得的提取物的抗高血糖活性（使用体外和体内模型）和细胞毒性。从总共 8 种植物中提取了 9 种提取物，进行体外α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制试验。随后，通过外翻肠囊试验进行评估，最后评估体内抗高血糖活性。从天蓝绣球、墨西哥天芥菜和花椒中获得的提取物在体外试验中抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。霍霍巴、香薷和墨西哥天芥菜的乙酸乙酯和水醇提取物，以及蓖麻和花椒的甲醇提取物，显著降低了外翻肠囊试验中葡萄糖的摄取。所有 8 种提取物均通过淀粉作为碳水化合物来源的葡萄糖耐量试验显示出抗高血糖作用。提取物的抗高血糖作用可能通过抑制消化酶和/或通过肠道吸收葡萄糖来介导。然而，水醇提物 Salvia texana 和甲醇提物 Turnera diffusa 的作用机制不清楚，它们在体内表现出很强的抗高血糖作用。
