Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2021 Jan-Mar;58(1):28-32. doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.321746.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Jammu and Kashmir is bestowed upon by great climatic condition favourable for people but the vectors have utilised these conditions to gain access into the state. Vector Borne Diseases (VBDs) were restricted to the spread of malaria and dengue since past two decades, but now, these diseases have widened their geographical reach and in last six years chikungunya, leishmaniasis and Japanese encephalitis have been reported from the state. These VBDs are a threat to thousands of people in the state as they cause huge mortality and morbidity under extreme cases.
A hospital-based survey on the VBDs was carried out with the aim of studying the prevalence of major VBD found in the Jammu district taking into account the past records provided by the Directorate of Health Services, Jammu.
The study revealed that malaria, in the past 14 years, has now shown a clear declining trend and dengue cases have shown a very uneven trend with maximum cases in 2013. Leishmaniasis was reported for the first time in the division in 2013, while it was not until 2016 when single case of chikungunya was reported from Jammu division. First outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in the region occurred during 2018 from only Doda district.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The present study showed that despite having congenial environmental conditions, Jammu division faces a great threat of VBDs and the increase in the number of cases in future cannot be ruled out. Japanese encephalitis registered its presence for the first time in the division.
查谟和克什米尔拥有得天独厚的气候条件，非常适合人们居住，但这些条件也为病媒生物的传播提供了便利。在过去的二十年里，该地区的病媒传播疾病（VBDs）仅限于疟疾和登革热的传播，但现在，这些疾病的地理传播范围已经扩大，在过去六年中，该地区已经报告了基孔肯雅热、利什曼病和日本脑炎病例。这些 VBDs 对该州的数千人构成威胁，因为在极端情况下，它们会导致大量的死亡和发病。
本项基于医院的 VBD 调查旨在研究查谟区主要 VBD 的流行情况，同时考虑到查谟卫生服务局提供的过去记录。
研究表明，过去 14 年来，疟疾的流行趋势已明显下降，登革热病例呈非常不均匀的趋势，2013 年病例最多。2013 年首次在该地区报告了利什曼病，而直到 2016 年才从查谟地区报告了首例基孔肯雅热病例。该地区首次爆发日本脑炎是在 2018 年，仅在多达区发生。
本研究表明，尽管拥有有利的环境条件，查谟地区仍面临着严重的 VBD 威胁，未来病例数量的增加也不容忽视。日本脑炎首次在该地区出现。
