Achva Academic College, 7980400, Arugot, Israel.
Postharvest Science and Sensory Evaluation, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary.
Isr J Health Policy Res. 2021 Nov 24;10(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s13584-021-00501-w.
Physical distancing contains the corona virus, but compliance with physical distancing across religious minorities in Israel has been shown to be relatively poorer than in the majority population. This study tests the power of messages as drivers of willingness to comply with physical distancing across religious minorities in Israel during the first wave of the COVID-19 from March till June 2020.
896 Israeli Muslims, Druze, Bedouins, Jewish Orthodox, Christians, and Jewish Seculars participated in this conjoint-based experimental design. The size of the total sample and of the subgroups is consistent with the suggested size in conjoint analysis studies, particularly when aiming at stability of coefficients rather than stability of means. The dependent variable was 'willingness to comply'. Independent variables were known contributors to compliance: perceived risk, practices of physical distancing, ways to assure compliance, and the agent communicating the policy.
A regression analysis indicated minor differences in the power of messages across groups despite dramatic cultural differences amongst them. We identified three distinct mindsets that transcend religious cultures from the responses of the study subjects to various messages and named them "pandemic observers," "obedient followers," and "sensitive interpreters." Compliance of "Pandemic Observers" (n = 306) may be improved by messages such as, "Dangerous virus spreading wildly" and "Health experts suggest what to do but the government is reactive rather than proactive" (β = 14, p < .005). Compliance of "Obedient Followers" (n = 242) may be driven by the messages "Socialize and work only from home, using the internet, e.g. zoom/Skype" and "Everyone should stay 2 m. (6 ft.) apart" (β = 16, p < .0050). Compliance of "Sensitive Interpreters" (n = 249) may be improved by messages such as, "Only people who are 60 and over are to be allowed to buy groceries during first 2 h from opening" and by using the media to publicize the official health policy (β = 8; p < .005).
Mindset-assignment reflects how people think rather than their religious affiliation. A personal viewpoint identifier was developed to predict mindset-assignment and enable health authorities to enhance compliance through mindset-tailored messages for members of each mindset segment. We recommend that health authorities and policy makers consider these different personality types, which range across religious minorities and emphasize the messages that each type responds to in developing and implementing a communication plan to improve physical distancing as an important public health measure.
身体距离能限制新冠病毒的传播，但在以色列，宗教少数群体遵守身体距离的情况相对较差，不如多数人群。本研究旨在检验信息在 2020 年 3 月至 6 月 COVID-19 第一波期间，推动以色列宗教少数群体遵守身体距离的能力。
896 名以色列穆斯林、德鲁兹人、贝都因人、犹太教正统派、基督教徒和犹太世俗派参与了这项基于联合分析的实验设计。总样本量和亚组样本量与联合分析研究中建议的大小一致，特别是当目标是稳定系数而不是平均值时。因变量是“遵守意愿”。自变量是已知的影响因素：感知风险、身体距离的实践、确保遵守的方法，以及传达政策的主体。
回归分析表明，尽管群体之间存在显著的文化差异，但信息的影响力在群体之间存在细微差异。我们从研究对象对各种信息的反应中识别出了三种超越宗教文化的心态，并将它们命名为“疫情观察者”、“顺从追随者”和“敏感解读者”。“疫情观察者”（n=306）的行为可以通过“危险病毒广泛传播”和“健康专家建议做什么，但政府反应迟缓而非积极主动”等信息得到改善（β=14，p<0.005）。“顺从追随者”（n=242）的行为可以通过“在家、使用互联网（如 zoom/Skype）进行社交和工作”和“每个人都要保持 2 米（6 英尺）的距离”等信息得到推动（β=16，p<0.0050）。“敏感解读者”（n=249）的行为可以通过“只有 60 岁及以上的人才能被允许在开业后前 2 小时购买食品杂货”和利用媒体宣传官方卫生政策等信息得到改善（β=8；p<0.005）。
心态分配反映了人们的思维方式，而不是他们的宗教信仰。我们开发了一个个人观点识别器来预测心态分配，使卫生当局能够通过针对每个心态群体的信息来增强遵守意愿。我们建议卫生当局和政策制定者考虑这些不同的人格类型，这些类型跨越宗教少数群体，并强调每种类型对信息的反应，以制定和实施沟通计划，改善身体距离作为一项重要的公共卫生措施。
