Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Biomed Res Int. 2021 Nov 15;2021:1798783. doi: 10.1155/2021/1798783. eCollection 2021.
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune intestinal disorder caused by gluten protein consumption in genetically predisposed individuals. As biopsy sampling is an invasive procedure, finding novel noninvasive serological markers for screening of at-risk CeD population is a priority. Metabolomics is helpful in monitoring metabolite changes in body fluids and tissues. In the present study, we evaluated serum metabolite levels of CeD patients relative to healthy controls with the aim of introducing new biomarkers for population screening.
We compared the serum metabolic profile of CeD patients ( = 42) and healthy controls ( = 22) using NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis.
25 metabolites were identified by serum metabolic profiling. Levels of 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid and isobutyrate showed significant differences in CeD patients' samples compared with healthy controls ( < 0.05). According to pathway analysis, our data demonstrated that changes in nine metabolic pathways were significantly disrupted/affected in patients with CeD. These enriched pathways are involved in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; primary bile acid biosynthesis; nitrogen metabolism; glutamine and glutamate metabolism; valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation; taurine and hypotaurine metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and arginine biosynthesis.
In summary, our results demonstrated that changes in the serum level of 25 metabolites may be useful in distinguishing CeD patients from healthy controls, which have the potential to be considered candidate biomarkers of CeD.
乳糜泻（CeD）是一种由遗传易感性个体摄入麸质蛋白引起的自身免疫性肠道疾病。由于活检采样是一种侵入性操作，因此寻找新型非侵入性血清学标志物来筛查高危 CeD 人群是当务之急。代谢组学有助于监测体液和组织中代谢物的变化。在本研究中，我们评估了 CeD 患者与健康对照者的血清代谢物水平，旨在为人群筛查引入新的生物标志物。
我们使用 NMR 光谱和多变量分析比较了 CeD 患者（n = 42）和健康对照者（n = 22）的血清代谢谱。
通过血清代谢谱分析鉴定出 25 种代谢物。与健康对照组相比，CeD 患者样本中 3-羟基异丁酸和异丁酸的水平有显著差异（<0.05）。根据途径分析，我们的数据表明，CeD 患者中有 9 条代谢途径发生了显著改变/受到影响。这些富集途径涉及到氨酰-tRNA 生物合成；初级胆汁酸生物合成；氮代谢；谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸代谢；缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成和降解；牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢；乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢；甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢；以及精氨酸生物合成。
总之，我们的结果表明，血清中 25 种代谢物水平的变化可能有助于区分 CeD 患者和健康对照者，这些变化可能成为 CeD 的候选生物标志物。
