Isa Ibrahim, Ndams Iliya Shehu, Aminu Maryam, Chechet Gloria, Dotzauer Andreas, Simon Ayo Yila
Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria.
Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases & Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria.
One Health. 2021 Nov 10;13:100348. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100348. eCollection 2021 Dec.
The flaviviruses are mosquito borne pathogens that continue to pose a considerable public health risk to animals and humans. The members of this group includes, Dengue virus (DENV), Yellow fever virus (YVF), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), West Nile virus (WEV) and Zika virus (ZKV). The DENV mosquito vector is endemic to tropical and subtropical climates, placing ∼40% of the world's population at direct risk of dengue infection. Currently, in Nigeria the status of DENV serotypes circulating among mosquito vectors is unknown. Our study was designed to identify and characterize the DENV serotypes circulating in mosquito populations collected in selected sites in Nigeria. The mosquitoes were collected and identified morphologically to species level using colored identification keys of Rueda. Generally, each species identified was tested in pools of 20 individuals of each species. RT-PCR and semi nested PCR were used to detect DENV serotypes in mosquitoes and characterized using Sanger sequencing methods. The results showed that DENV serotypes were detected in 58.54% (24/41) of the pools of mosquitoes from Mubi, Numan and Yola screened. All DENV1-4 serotypes were detected in . While DENV 1, 2 and 4 were detected in . And only DENV 2 was detected in with DENV4 serotype being reported for the first time in Nigeria. DENV2 (37.8%) was the most detected serotypes, while double and triple co-infections of serotypes were detected in 24.4% of the pools. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a strong evolutionary relatedness of DENV serotypes in our study with that of South and Southeast Asia, North America, and other African countries. This is the first reports on the natural DENV serotypes co-infection among species pools in Nigeria, which can create possible interaction with other flaviviruses causing animal and human diseases. In addition, our study postulates the possible linkage between DENV serotypes infection and human febrile flu-like disease burden being experienced by host communities in northeastern Nigeria.
黄病毒是由蚊子传播的病原体，继续对动物和人类构成相当大的公共卫生风险。该病毒组的成员包括登革热病毒（DENV）、黄热病病毒（YVF）、日本脑炎病毒（JEV）、西尼罗河病毒（WEV）和寨卡病毒（ZKV）。登革热病毒的蚊子传播媒介在热带和亚热带气候中呈地方性流行，使世界约40%的人口直接面临登革热感染风险。目前，在尼日利亚，登革热病毒血清型在蚊子传播媒介中的流行情况尚不清楚。我们的研究旨在识别和表征在尼日利亚选定地点收集的蚊子种群中传播的登革热病毒血清型。使用鲁埃达的彩色识别密钥对蚊子进行收集并从形态上鉴定到物种水平。一般来说，对每个鉴定出的物种，以20只个体为一组进行检测。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和半巢式PCR检测蚊子中的登革热病毒血清型，并使用桑格测序方法进行表征。结果显示，在来自穆比、努曼和约拉的经筛查的蚊子样本组中，58.54%（24/41）检测到登革热病毒血清型。所有DENV1 - 4血清型均被检测到。其中检测到DENV 1、2和4型。仅在[具体地点]检测到DENV 2型，且DENV4血清型在尼日利亚首次被报道。DENV2（占37.8%）是检测到最多的血清型，而在24.4%的样本组中检测到血清型的双重和三重共感染。系统发育分析表明，我们研究中的登革热病毒血清型与南亚和东南亚、北美以及其他非洲国家的血清型具有很强的进化相关性。这是关于尼日利亚物种样本组中自然发生的登革热病毒血清型共感染的首次报告，这种共感染可能与其他导致动物和人类疾病的黄病毒产生相互作用。此外，我们的研究推测了登革热病毒血清型感染与尼日利亚东北部宿主社区所经历的人类发热性流感样疾病负担之间可能存在的联系。
