Rajavuori Anna, Repo Jussi P, Häkkinen Arja, Palonen Pirkko, Multanen Juhani, Aukee Pauliina
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, PL 52, 20521 Turku, Finland.
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, PL 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2021 Nov 8;13:100138. doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2021.100138. eCollection 2022 Jan.
Urinary incontinence (UI) during pregnancy is a common health problem. Vaginal delivery in particular affects the pelvic floor and increases the risk of pelvic floor dysfunctions. This prospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the incidence of UI during pregnancy and three months postpartum and determine the risk factors underlying UI.
In total, 547 volunteer women were recruited from the maternity clinic of a tertiary hospital. The participants filled out a questionnaire twice, one in the second trimester and the other three months after delivery. A multivariate logistic regression model with forward stepwise selection was used to analyze known risk factors for UI.
The prevalence of UI during pregnancy was 39.5% and three months after childbirth 16.1%. Twenty-two percent of participants had pre-existing UI compared to 41.0% of the 88 women with UI three months postpartum. UI before pregnancy (OR 2.2), during pregnancy (OR 3.8) and primiparity (OR 2.3) were significantly associated with postpartum UI.
Women with UI before or during pregnancy and who are primiparous are at increased risk for postpartum UI. To prevent and reduce the risk factors contributing to UI, pregnant women should be routinely counseled.
孕期尿失禁（UI）是一个常见的健康问题。尤其是阴道分娩会影响盆底，并增加盆底功能障碍的风险。本前瞻性队列研究旨在调查孕期及产后三个月尿失禁的发生率，并确定尿失禁的潜在风险因素。
总共从一家三级医院的产科门诊招募了547名志愿女性。参与者填写了两份问卷，一份在孕中期，另一份在产后三个月。采用向前逐步选择的多变量逻辑回归模型分析尿失禁的已知风险因素。
孕期尿失禁的患病率为39.5%，产后三个月为16.1%。22%的参与者孕前就存在尿失禁，而产后三个月有尿失禁的88名女性中这一比例为41.0%。孕前尿失禁（比值比2.2）、孕期尿失禁（比值比3.8）和初产（比值比2.3）与产后尿失禁显著相关。
孕前或孕期有尿失禁且为初产的女性产后发生尿失禁的风险增加。为预防和降低导致尿失禁的风险因素，应对孕妇进行常规咨询。
