Liu Yi, Zhang Fenyun, Luo Xingxing, Kong Deyan, Zhang Anning, Wang Feiming, Pan Zhongquan, Wang Jiahong, Bi Junguo, Luo Lijun, Liu Guolan, Yu Xinqiao
Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China.
Rice (N Y). 2021 Nov 25;14(1):96. doi: 10.1186/s12284-021-00537-1.
The two-line method based on the photoperiod and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines is more cost-effective, simple, and efficient than the three-line system based on cytoplasmic male-sterility. Blast and drought are the most prevalent biotic and abiotic stress factors hampering rice production. Molecular techniques demonstrate higher efficacy in the pyramiding of disease resistance genes, providing green performance under the background of water-saving and drought-resistance rice.
This study employed molecular marker-assisted selection, conventional hybridization, and high-intensity stress screening to integrate three broad-spectrum blast resistance genes Pi9, Pi5, and Pi54 into Huhan 1S. Subsequently, a novel water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) PTGMS line Huhan 74S was developed. The drought resistance of the new PTGMS line Huhan 74S was comparable to that of Huhan 1S. Pathogenicity assays involving the inoculation of 14 blast prevalent isolates in the glasshouse showed that the blast resistance frequency of Huhan 74S was 85.7%. Further evaluation under natural blast epidemic field conditions showed that Huhan 74S and its hybrids were resistant to leaf and neck blast. The critical temperature point of fertility-sterility alteration of Huhan 74S was 23 °C daily mean temperature. The complete male sterility under natural growth conditions in 2017 at Shanghai lasted for 67 days. Also, both the agronomic and grain quality traits met the requirement for two-line hybrid rice production.
These results indicate that the newly bred PTGMS line Huhan 74S can be used to breed high-yielding, good-quality, disease-resistant two-line hybrid water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR), hence promoting sustainable rice production in China.
基于光周期和温敏核不育（PTGMS）系的两系法比基于细胞质雄性不育的三系法更具成本效益、更简单且高效。稻瘟病和干旱是阻碍水稻生产的最普遍的生物和非生物胁迫因素。分子技术在抗病基因聚合方面显示出更高的功效，在节水抗旱水稻背景下提供绿色表现。
本研究采用分子标记辅助选择、常规杂交和高强度胁迫筛选，将三个广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9、Pi5和Pi54整合到沪旱1S中。随后，培育出了一种新型节水抗旱水稻（WDR）PTGMS系沪旱74S。新的PTGMS系沪旱74S的抗旱性与沪旱1S相当。在温室中接种14个稻瘟病流行菌株的致病性测定表明，沪旱74S的抗稻瘟病频率为85.7%。在自然稻瘟病流行田间条件下的进一步评估表明，沪旱74S及其杂交种对叶瘟和穗颈瘟具有抗性。沪旱74S育性转换的临界温度点是日平均温度23℃。2017年在上海自然生长条件下完全雄性不育持续了67天。此外，农艺性状和稻米品质性状均满足两系杂交水稻生产的要求。
这些结果表明，新培育的PTGMS系沪旱74S可用于培育高产、优质、抗病的两系节水抗旱杂交水稻（WDR），从而促进中国水稻的可持续生产。
