Scher Mark S
Pediatrics and Neurology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology Fetal/Neonatal Neurology Program, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Children (Basel). 2021 Oct 20;8(11):945. doi: 10.3390/children8110945.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) contribute to adverse gene-environment interactions prior to conception and continue throughout pregnancy. Embryonic/fetal brain disorders occur from interactions between genetic susceptibilities interacting with acquired diseases or conditions affecting the maternal/placental fetal (MPF) triad. Trimester-specific pathophysiological mechanisms, such as maternal immune activation and ischemic placental syndrome, contribute to adverse peripartum, neonatal and childhood outcomes. Two diagnostic approaches provide timelier diagnoses over the first 1000 days from conception until two years of age. Horizontal analyses assess the maturation of the triad, neonate and child. Vertical analyses consider systems-biology from genetic, molecular, cellular, tissue through organ networks during each developmental niche. Disease expressions associated with HDP have cumulative adverse effects across the lifespan when subjected to subsequent adverse events. Critical/sensitive periods of developmental neuroplasticity over the first 1000 days are more likely to result in permanent sequelae. Novel diagnostic approaches, beginning during pre-conception, will facilitate the development of effective preventive, rescue and reparative neurotherapeutic strategies in response to HDP-related trimester-specific disease pathways. Public health policies require the inclusion of women's health advocacy during and beyond their reproductive years to reduce sequelae experienced by mothers and their offspring. A lower global burden of neurologic disease from HDP will benefit future generations.
妊娠高血压疾病(HDP)在受孕前就会导致不良的基因-环境相互作用,并在整个孕期持续存在。胚胎/胎儿脑部疾病是由遗传易感性与影响母体/胎盘-胎儿(MPF)三联体的后天疾病或状况相互作用引起的。孕期特定阶段的病理生理机制,如母体免疫激活和缺血性胎盘综合征,会导致不良的围产期、新生儿期和儿童期结局。两种诊断方法能够在从受孕到两岁的头1000天内更及时地做出诊断。横向分析评估三联体、新生儿和儿童的发育情况。纵向分析则考虑在每个发育阶段从基因、分子、细胞、组织到器官网络的系统生物学。与HDP相关的疾病表现,在遭遇后续不良事件时,会在整个生命周期中产生累积的不良影响。头1000天内发育神经可塑性的关键/敏感期更有可能导致永久性后遗症。从受孕前开始的新型诊断方法,将有助于制定有效的预防、抢救和修复性神经治疗策略,以应对与HDP相关的孕期特定疾病途径。公共卫生政策需要在妇女的生育期及之后纳入对妇女健康的倡导,以减少母亲及其后代所经历的后遗症。降低HDP导致的全球神经系统疾病负担将造福后代。