Lee Yu-Min, Lee Shinyoung, Kim Hae-Yeong
Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea.
Foods. 2021 Oct 29;10(11):2631. doi: 10.3390/foods10112631.
With an increased consumption of seafood products, food fraud with fish resources has been continuously reported. In particular, codfish has been exploited worldwide as a processed product in fresh, frozen, smoked, canned, or ready-to-eat dish forms. However, it is challenging to identify processed fish products after processing because of their similar morphological characteristics. Substitution and mislabeling of codfish among different species are also happening deliberately or unintentionally. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish cod species to prevent fish adulteration and food fraud. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR for simultaneously identifying five cod species within using capillary electrophoresis. Then, their species-specific primer sets were designed by targeting the mitochondrial gene. Subsequently, the amplicon sizes obtained were 237 bp, 204 bp, 164 bp, 138 bp, and 98 bp for Atlantic cod, Pacific cod, blue whiting, haddock, and Alaska pollock, respectively. The specificity of each primer was further tested using 19 fish species, and no cross-reactivity was observed. The limit of detection of this multiplex PCR assay was 1 pg. The developed multiplex PCR assay can be applied to 40 commercial food products successfully. This detection method will be efficient for managing seafood authentication by simultaneously analyzing multiple cod species.
随着海产品消费量的增加，鱼类资源的食品欺诈行为不断被报道。特别是鳕鱼在全球范围内被加工成新鲜、冷冻、烟熏、罐装或即食菜肴等形式的产品。然而，由于加工后的鱼类产品形态特征相似，因此在加工后识别它们具有挑战性。不同种类鳕鱼之间的替代和误标也有意或无意地发生。因此，有必要区分鳕鱼种类以防止鱼类掺假和食品欺诈。在本研究中，我们开发了一种多重PCR方法，通过毛细管电泳同时鉴定五种鳕鱼。然后，通过靶向线粒体基因设计了它们的物种特异性引物对。随后，大西洋鳕鱼、太平洋鳕鱼、蓝鳕、黑线鳕和阿拉斯加狭鳕鱼获得的扩增子大小分别为237 bp、204 bp、164 bp、138 bp和98 bp。使用19种鱼类进一步测试了每种引物的特异性，未观察到交叉反应。这种多重PCR检测方法的检测限为1 pg。所开发的多重PCR检测方法可以成功应用于40种商业食品。这种检测方法通过同时分析多种鳕鱼种类，将对管理海产品认证有效。
