Zubeldia-Varela Elisa, Barker-Tejeda Tomás Clive, Blanco-Pérez Frank, Infante Sonsoles, Zubeldia José M, Pérez-Gordo Marina
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, ARADyAL, 28660 Madrid, Spain.
Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660 Madrid, Spain.
Foods. 2021 Nov 2;10(11):2662. doi: 10.3390/foods10112662.
Non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy (non-IgE-GI-FA) is the name given to a series of pathologies whose main entities are food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), food protein-induced enteropathy (FPE), and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). These are more uncommon than IgE-mediated food allergies, their mechanisms remain largely unknown, and their diagnosis is mainly done by clinical history, due to the lack of specific biomarkers. In this review, we present the latest advances found in the literature about clinical aspects, the current diagnosis, and treatment options of non-IgE-GI-FAs. We discuss the use of animal models, the analysis of gut microbiota, omics techniques, and fecal proteins with a focus on understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of these pathologies and obtaining possible diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers. Finally, we discuss the unmet needs that researchers should tackle to advance in the knowledge of these barely explored pathologies.
非IgE介导的胃肠道食物过敏（non-IgE-GI-FA）是一系列病症的统称，其主要类型包括食物蛋白诱导的过敏性直肠结肠炎（FPIAP）、食物蛋白诱导的小肠病（FPE）和食物蛋白诱导的小肠结肠炎综合征（FPIES）。这些病症比IgE介导的食物过敏更为罕见，其发病机制在很大程度上仍不明确，由于缺乏特异性生物标志物，其诊断主要依据临床病史。在本综述中，我们介绍了文献中关于非IgE-GI-FA临床方面、当前诊断及治疗选择的最新进展。我们讨论了动物模型的应用、肠道微生物群分析、组学技术和粪便蛋白，重点是理解这些病症的病理生理机制并获得可能的诊断和/或预后生物标志物。最后，我们讨论了研究人员在推进对这些鲜少研究的病症的认识方面应解决的未满足需求。
