Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 19;22(22):12507. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212507.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women. It is characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and the presence of polycystic ovary in ultrasound examination. PCOS is specified by an increased number of follicles at all growing stages, mainly seen in the preantral and small antral follicles and an increased serum level of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH). Because of the strong correlation between circulating AMH levels and antral follicle count on ultrasound, Anti-Müllerian Hormone has been proposed as an alternative marker of ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS. However, the results from the current literature are not homogeneous, and the specific threshold of AMH in PCOS and PCOM is, therefore, very challenging. This review aims to update the current knowledge about AMH, the pathophysiology of AMH in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and the role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the treatment of this syndrome.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是生育期妇女最常见的内分泌疾病。其特征为慢性无排卵、高雄激素血症和超声检查可见多囊卵巢。PCOS 的特点是各生长阶段的卵泡数量增加，主要见于窦前卵泡和小窦卵泡，血清抗苗勒管激素（AMH）水平升高。由于循环 AMH 水平与超声下的窦卵泡计数有很强的相关性，因此 AMH 已被提议作为 PCOS 排卵功能障碍的替代标志物。然而，目前文献中的结果并不一致，因此 PCOS 和 PCOM 中 AMH 的具体阈值非常具有挑战性。本综述旨在更新关于 AMH 的最新知识，包括 AMH 在 PCOS 发病机制中的病理生理学作用，以及 AMH 在该综合征治疗中的作用。
