患病和疲惫不堪——等待心理治疗预约的寻求庇护者的社会人口学和心理社会特征。
Sick and Tired-Sociodemographic and Psychosocial Characteristics of Asylum Seekers Awaiting an Appointment for Psychotherapy.
机构信息
Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Psychosocial Centre for Refugees and Victims of Torture, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 12;18(22):11850. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211850.
BACKGROUND
An EU directive holds the EU member states responsible for implementing the provision of health care for asylum seekers. However, current literature indicates insufficient care for asylum seekers in the German health system. This article aims to characterize the situation of the client population on the waiting list of a psychosocial center (PSZ).
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective observational study based on client files in Halle (Saale), Germany. We included 437 adults who were on the PSZ waiting list between 2016 and 2019. Questionnaires that collected information on the clientele at two different times were analyzed.
RESULTS
The average waiting time for psychotherapy was 50 weeks. In total, 85.6% of the 188 respondents reported sleep disorders ( = 161), 65.4% of clients reported pain ( = 123) and 54.8% suicide attempts/suicidal thoughts ( = 54). In the 16-week waiting period in which the clients waited for an initial appointment with a psychologist, the residence status deteriorated in 21.3% ( = 40).
CONCLUSION
Improving asylum seekers' access to the German health system is urgently needed in order to prevent unnecessary suffering in the future and to comply with EU law.
背景
欧盟指令要求欧盟成员国负责为寻求庇护者提供医疗保健。然而，目前的文献表明，德国卫生系统对寻求庇护者的关怀不足。本文旨在描述心理社会中心（PSZ）等候名单上的客户人群的情况。
方法
我们在德国哈勒（Halle）进行了一项基于客户档案的回顾性观察研究。我们纳入了 2016 年至 2019 年期间在 PSZ 等候名单上的 437 名成年人。分析了两次收集客户信息的问卷。
结果
平均等待心理治疗的时间为 50 周。共有 188 名受访者中的 85.6%（=161）报告存在睡眠障碍，65.4%（=123）的客户报告存在疼痛，54.8%（=54）的客户曾尝试自杀/有自杀念头。在客户等待与心理学家预约的 16 周等候期内，21.3%（=40）的人的居住状况恶化。
结论
为了防止未来不必要的痛苦，并遵守欧盟法律，迫切需要改善寻求庇护者获得德国卫生系统的机会。
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