Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Centre of Higher Education for Health Sciences, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Via Briamasco 2, 38121 Trento, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 13;18(22):11918. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211918.
Physical restraints in the long-term care setting are still commonly used in several countries with a prevalence ranging from 6% to 85%. Trying to have a broad and extensive overlook on the physical restraints use in long-term care is important to design interventions to prevent and/or reduce their use. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to analyze the range of occurrence of physical restraint in nursing homes, long-term care facilities, and psychogeriatric units. Pubmed, CINAHL, Ovid PsycINFO- databases were searched for studies with concepts about physical restraint use in the European long-term care setting published between 2009 and 2019, along with a hand search of the bibliographies of the included studies. Data on study design, data sources, clinical setting and sample characteristics were extracted. A total of 24 studies were included. The median occurrence of physical restraint in the European long-term care setting was still high (26.5%; IQR 16.5% to 38.5%) with a significant variability across the studies. The heterogeneity of data varied according to study design, data sources, clinical setting, physical restraint's definition, and patient characteristics, such as ADLs dependence, presence of dementia and psychoactive drugs prescription.
在一些国家，长期护理机构中仍普遍使用身体约束，其流行率范围从 6%到 85%不等。试图广泛而全面地了解长期护理中身体约束的使用情况，对于设计预防和/或减少其使用的干预措施非常重要。因此，本范围综述的目的是分析养老院、长期护理设施和精神科老年病房中身体约束的发生范围。在 2009 年至 2019 年期间，在 Pubmed、CINAHL、Ovid PsycINFO- 数据库中搜索了关于欧洲长期护理环境中身体约束使用的概念的研究，并对纳入研究的参考文献进行了手工搜索。提取了研究设计、数据来源、临床环境和样本特征的数据。共纳入 24 项研究。欧洲长期护理环境中身体约束的发生率仍很高（26.5%；IQR 16.5%至 38.5%），各研究之间存在显著差异。数据的异质性因研究设计、数据来源、临床环境、身体约束的定义以及患者的特点（如 ADL 依赖、痴呆和精神活性药物处方的存在）而有所不同。
