Raele Donato Antonio, Severini Francesco, Boccolini Daniela, Menegon Michela, Toma Luciano, Vasco Ilaria, Franco Ettore, Miccolis Pasquale, Desiante Francesco, Nola Vincenzo, Salerno Pietrangelo, Cafiero Maria Assunta, Di Luca Marco
Laboratorio di Entomologia Sanitaria, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Reparto Malattie Trasmesse da Vettori, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Pathogens. 2021 Nov 21;10(11):1521. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10111521.
Malaria still represents a potential public health issue in Italy, and the presence of former vectors and cases imported annually merit continuous surveillance. In areas no longer endemic, the concurrent presence of gametocyte carriers and competent vectors makes re-emergence of local transmission possible, as recently reported in Greece. In October 2017, due to the occurrence of four suspected introduced malaria cases in the province of Taranto (Apulia region), entomological investigations were performed to verify the involvement of local anopheline species. In 2019-2020 entomological surveys were extended to other areas historically prone to malaria between the provinces of Taranto and Matera and the province of Foggia (Gargano Promontory). Resting mosquitoes were collected in animal shelters and human dwellings, larvae were sampled in natural and artificial breeding sites, and specimens were both morphologically and molecularly identified. A total of 2228 mosquitoes were collected, 54.3% of which were anophelines. In all the investigated areas, was the most widespread species, while was predominant at the Gargano sites, and and were recorded in the province of Matera. Our findings showed a potentially high receptivity in the surveyed areas, where the abundance of the two former malaria vectors, and , is related to environmental and climatic parameters and to anthropic activities.
疟疾在意大利仍然是一个潜在的公共卫生问题，过去传播媒介的存在以及每年输入的病例都值得持续监测。在不再流行疟疾的地区，配子体携带者和易感传播媒介同时存在使得当地疟疾传播再次出现成为可能，正如希腊最近报道的那样。2017年10月，由于塔兰托省（普利亚大区）出现了4例疑似输入性疟疾病例，开展了昆虫学调查以核实当地按蚊种类是否参与其中。在2019 - 2020年，昆虫学调查扩展到了塔兰托省和马泰拉省以及福贾省（加尔加诺半岛）之间其他历史上易患疟疾的地区。在动物庇护所和人类住所收集栖息的蚊子，在自然和人工繁殖地采集幼虫，并对标本进行形态学和分子学鉴定。总共收集了2228只蚊子，其中54.3%为按蚊。在所有调查地区， 是分布最广的物种，而 在加尔加诺地区占主导地位， 和 在马泰拉省有记录。我们的研究结果表明，在调查地区存在潜在的高易感性，那里两种以前的疟疾传播媒介 和 的数量与环境和气候参数以及人类活动有关。
需注意，原文中部分按蚊种类名称未给出具体中文对应，所以用 等代替。
