Romi R, Severini C, Pierdominici G, Marchi A, Erbi G, Mantega V, Pinna G, Lavagnino A, Vitale F
Laboratorio di Parassitologia, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1994;30(2):237-42.
About 40 years after malaria eradication from Italy, the potential vectors of this disease, Anopheles labranchiae, Anopheles superpictus and Anopheles sacharovi, are still present in some regions of the South. Since 1991 the Laboratory of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, in collaboration with the Local Health Authorities, carried out an investigation to assess the levels of these potential anopheline vectors in Calabria, Puglia, Sicily and Sardinia. A. labranchiae, the most important vector, was found in all the regions visited, where is probably present in scattered foci all over the territory. The most common breeding sites were represented by rivers and streams, followed by ponds and ground pools. The larval densities varied greatly from 0.01 to 33 larvae/dip; likewise the adult densities, recorded in animal shelters, varied from < 10 to > 1000 female/shelter. The higher adult densities were recorded in Calabria, along the West coast. The other important vector in Southern Italy, A. superpictus, was found both in the West and East coasts of the same region, showing low larval and adult densities. Anopheles sacharovi, that was an important malaria vector in Puglia and Sardinia, was not found. Four populations of A. labranchiae were tested to determine the susceptibility to some insecticides. All of these populations were fully susceptible to deltamethrin, malathion and DDT, while showed a reduced susceptibility to permethrin and propoxur.
在意大利根除疟疾约40年后，该疾病的潜在病媒，即意大利按蚊、pictus按蚊和萨氏按蚊，仍存在于南部的一些地区。自1991年以来，罗马国家高等卫生研究院寄生虫学实验室与地方卫生当局合作，开展了一项调查，以评估卡拉布里亚、普利亚、西西里岛和撒丁岛这些潜在按蚊病媒的数量水平。最重要的病媒意大利按蚊在所有走访地区均有发现，可能在整个地区呈散在分布。最常见的孳生地是河流和溪流，其次是池塘和地面水池。幼虫密度差异很大，从0.01至33条幼虫/勺；同样，在动物庇护所记录的成虫密度，从<10至>1000只雌蚊/庇护所不等。在卡拉布里亚西海岸记录到较高的成虫密度。意大利南部的另一个重要病媒pictus按蚊，在同一地区的西海岸和东海岸均有发现，幼虫和成虫密度较低。在普利亚和撒丁岛曾是重要疟疾媒介的萨氏按蚊未被发现。对四个意大利按蚊种群进行了测试，以确定其对某些杀虫剂的敏感性。所有这些种群对溴氰菊酯、马拉硫磷和滴滴涕均完全敏感，而对氯菊酯和残杀威的敏感性降低。
