Tan Yunbing, McClements David Julian
Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Molecules. 2021 Nov 16;26(22):6895. doi: 10.3390/molecules26226895.
The supplementation of plant-based foods and beverages with bioactive agents may be an important strategy for increasing human healthiness. Numerous kinds of colloidal delivery systems have been developed to encapsulate bioactives with the goal of improving their water dispersibility, chemical stability, and bioavailability. In this review, we focus on colloidal delivery systems assembled entirely from plant-based ingredients, such as lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, phospholipids, and surfactants isolated from botanical sources. In particular, the utilization of these ingredients to create plant-based nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes, nanoparticles, and microgels is covered. The utilization of these delivery systems to encapsulate, protect, and release various kinds of bioactives is highlighted, including oil-soluble vitamins (like vitamin D), ω-3 oils, carotenoids (vitamin A precursors), curcuminoids, and polyphenols. The functionality of these delivery systems can be tailored to specific applications by careful selection of ingredients and processing operations, as this enables the composition, size, shape, internal structure, surface chemistry, and electrical characteristics of the colloidal particles to be controlled. The plant-based delivery systems discussed in this article may be useful for introducing active ingredients into the next generation of plant-based foods, meat, seafood, milk, and egg analogs. Nevertheless, there is still a need to systematically compare the functional performance of different delivery systems for specific applications to establish the most appropriate one. In addition, there is a need to test their efficacy at delivering bioavailable forms of bioactives using in vivo studies.
用生物活性剂补充植物性食品和饮料可能是增进人类健康的一项重要策略。为了改善生物活性成分的水分散性、化学稳定性和生物利用度，人们已经开发出了多种胶体递送系统来包裹这些成分。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于完全由植物性成分组装而成的胶体递送系统，例如从植物来源分离得到的脂质、蛋白质、多糖、磷脂和表面活性剂。特别涵盖了利用这些成分制备植物基纳米乳液、纳米脂质体、纳米颗粒和微凝胶的方法。重点介绍了利用这些递送系统包裹、保护和释放各类生物活性成分的情况，包括脂溶性维生素（如维生素D）、ω-3油脂、类胡萝卜素（维生素A前体）、姜黄素类化合物和多酚类。通过仔细选择成分和加工操作，可以根据特定应用定制这些递送系统的功能，因为这能够控制胶体颗粒的组成、大小、形状、内部结构、表面化学性质和电学特性。本文讨论的植物基递送系统可能有助于将活性成分引入下一代植物基食品、肉类、海鲜、牛奶和蛋类替代品中。然而，仍有必要系统地比较不同递送系统在特定应用中的功能性能，以确定最合适的系统。此外，还需要通过体内研究来测试它们递送生物活性成分生物可利用形式的功效。
