Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled, Alshareef Noor, El-Sokkary Rehab H
Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.
Health Economics Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 31;9(11):1257. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9111257.
Identifying the factors driving vaccine hesitancy can improve vaccine attitudes and motivate individuals to have the recommended vaccinations. However, failure to address the issue directly, or worse, ignoring it, could deepen such concerns, resulting in lower vaccination rates, leading to elevated rates of illness and vaccine-preventable deaths among older adults. The aim of this study was to explore the rate of acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among older adults in Saudi Arabia, along with the associated predicting factors and reasons for hesitancy. This study extracted data from a cross-sectional online survey on the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in Saudi Arabia, which was conducted from 8 to 14 December 2020. The sample of the study included 488 older adults aged 50 and older. The major data analytic tools employed in the study were bivariate and multivariable regression analyses. Among the 488 participants, 214 (43.85%) reported willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine when available. Older men were more likely to be willing to be vaccinated (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.277; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.092-4.745) than older women. High levels of education were significantly associated with willingness to be vaccinated. Older adults who had previously refused any vaccine were less likely to take the COVID-19 vaccine (aOR: 0.358; 95% CI: 0.154-0.830). Those who expressed a high or very high level of concern related to becoming infected were more likely to accept the vaccine against COVID-19 (aOR: 4.437; 95% CI: 2.148-9.168). Adverse side effects (27.01%), and safety and efficacy concerns (22.63%) were the most commonly cited reasons for vaccine hesitancy. The vaccination acceptance rate among older adults in Saudi Arabia is low. Interventions designed specifically for older adults addressing worries and concerns related to the vaccine are of paramount importance. In particular, these interventions should be tailored to address gender-based and health literacy level differences.
识别推动疫苗犹豫的因素可以改善对疫苗的态度，并促使个人接种推荐的疫苗。然而，未能直接解决这个问题，或者更糟糕的是，忽视它，可能会加深这种担忧，导致接种率降低，进而导致老年人患病和疫苗可预防死亡的发生率升高。本研究的目的是探讨沙特阿拉伯老年人对新冠疫苗的接受率，以及相关的预测因素和犹豫的原因。本研究从2020年12月8日至14日在沙特阿拉伯进行的一项关于新冠疫苗接种可接受性的横断面在线调查中提取数据。该研究样本包括488名50岁及以上的老年人。该研究采用的主要数据分析工具是双变量和多变量回归分析。在488名参与者中，214人（43.85%）表示愿意在有新冠疫苗时接种。老年男性比老年女性更愿意接种疫苗（调整后的优势比（aOR）：2.277；95%置信区间（CI）：1.092 - 4.745）。高教育水平与接种意愿显著相关。以前拒绝过任何疫苗的老年人接种新冠疫苗的可能性较小（aOR：0.358；95% CI：0.154 - 0.830）。那些对感染表达高度或非常高度担忧的人更有可能接受新冠疫苗（aOR：4.437；95% CI：2.148 - 9.168）。不良副作用（27.01%）以及对安全性和有效性的担忧（22.63%）是疫苗犹豫最常被提及的原因。沙特阿拉伯老年人的疫苗接种接受率较低。专门为老年人设计的、解决与疫苗相关担忧的干预措施至关重要。特别是，这些干预措施应针对性别和健康素养水平差异进行调整。
