Donadu Matthew Gavino, Mazzarello Vittorio, Cappuccinelli Piero, Zanetti Stefania, Madléna Melinda, Nagy Ádám László, Stájer Anette, Burián Katalin, Gajdács Márió
Hospital Pharmacy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2021 Nov 18;9(11):2384. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112384.
The relationship between the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype and biofilm-forming capacity has been a topic of extensive interest among biomedical scientists, as these two factors may have significant influence on the outcomes of infections. The aim of the present study was to establish a possible relationship between biofilm-forming capacity and the antibiotic-resistant phenotype in clinical () isolates. A total of n = 309 isolates were included in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the phenotypic detection of resistance determinants were carried out. The capacity of isolates to produce biofilms was assessed using a crystal violet microtiter-plate-based method. Resistance rates were highest for ciprofloxacin (71.19%; n = 220), levofloxacin (n = 68.61%; n = 212), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 66.02%; n = 209); 42.72% (n = 132) of isolates were classified as MDR; 22.65% (n = 70) of tested isolates were positive in the modified Hodge-test; the overexpression of efflux pumps had significant effects on the susceptibilities of meropenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin in 14.24% (n = 44), 6.05% (n = 19), and 27.51% (n = 85), respectively; 9.39% (n = 29), 12.29% (n = 38), 22.97% (n = 71), and 55.35% (n = 170) of isolates were non-biofilm-producing and weak, moderate, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. A numerical, but statistically not significant, difference was identified between the MDR and non-MDR isolates regarding their biofilm-forming capacity (MDR: 0.495 ± 0.309 vs. non-MDR: 0.545 ± 0.283; = 0.072), and no association was seen between resistance to individual antibiotics and biofilm formation. Based on numerical trends, MER-resistant isolates were the strongest biofilm producers ( = 0.067). Our study emphasizes the need for additional experiments to assess the role biofilms have in the pathogenesis of infections.
多重耐药（MDR）表型与生物膜形成能力之间的关系一直是生物医学科学家广泛关注的话题，因为这两个因素可能对感染结果产生重大影响。本研究的目的是确定临床（）分离株中生物膜形成能力与抗生素耐药表型之间可能存在的关系。本研究共纳入了n = 309株分离株。进行了抗菌药物敏感性测试和耐药决定因素的表型检测。采用基于结晶紫微量滴定板的方法评估分离株产生生物膜的能力。环丙沙星（71.19%；n = 220）、左氧氟沙星（n = 68.61%；n = 212）和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（n = 66.02%；n = 209）的耐药率最高；42.72%（n = 132）的分离株被归类为MDR；22.65%（n = 70）的受试分离株改良Hodge试验呈阳性；外排泵的过表达分别对美罗培南、庆大霉素和环丙沙星的敏感性有显著影响，分别为14.24%（n = 44）、6.05%（n = 19）和27.51%（n = 85）；9.39%（n = 29）、12.29%（n = 38）、22.97%（n = 71）和55.35%（n = 170）的分离株分别为非生物膜产生菌以及弱、中、强生物膜产生菌。在MDR和非MDR分离株的生物膜形成能力方面发现了数值上的差异，但无统计学意义（MDR：0.495±0.309 vs.非MDR：0.545±0.283；P = 0.072），且未发现对单一抗生素的耐药性与生物膜形成之间存在关联。基于数值趋势，耐美罗培南分离株是最强的生物膜产生菌（P = 0.067）。我们的研究强调需要进行更多实验来评估生物膜在（）感染发病机制中的作用。
