Koczorowski Tomasz, Cerbin-Koczorowska Magdalena, Rębiś Tomasz
Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Medical Education, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 7 Rokietnicka Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Oct 27;11(11):2861. doi: 10.3390/nano11112861.
Phthalocyanines and porphyrazines as macrocyclic aza-analogues of well-known porphyrins were deposited on diverse carbon-based nanomaterials and investigated as sensing devices. The extended π-conjugated electron system of these macrocycles influences their ability to create stable hybrid systems with graphene or carbon nanotubes commonly based on π-π stacking interactions. During a 15-year period, the electrodes modified by deposition of these systems have been applied for the determination of diverse analytes, such as food pollutants, heavy metals, catecholamines, thiols, glucose, peroxides, some active pharmaceutical ingredients, and poisonous gases. These procedures have also taken place, on occasion, in the presence of various polymers, ionic liquids, and other moieties. In the review, studies are presented that were performed for sensing purposes, involving azaporphyrins embedded on graphene, graphene oxide or carbon nanotubes (both single and multi-walled ones). Moreover, possible methods of electrode fabrication, limits of detection of each analyte, as well as examples of macrocyclic compounds applied as sensing materials, are critically discussed.
酞菁和卟啉嗪作为著名卟啉的大环氮杂类似物，被沉积在各种碳基纳米材料上，并作为传感装置进行了研究。这些大环化合物的扩展π共轭电子系统影响了它们与石墨烯或碳纳米管形成稳定杂化体系的能力，这种体系通常基于π-π堆积相互作用。在15年的时间里，通过沉积这些体系修饰的电极已被用于测定各种分析物，如食品污染物、重金属、儿茶酚胺、硫醇、葡萄糖、过氧化物、一些活性药物成分和有毒气体。这些过程有时也会在各种聚合物、离子液体和其他部分存在的情况下进行。在这篇综述中，介绍了为传感目的而进行的研究，涉及嵌入石墨烯、氧化石墨烯或碳纳米管（单壁和多壁）的氮杂卟啉。此外，还对电极制造的可能方法、每种分析物的检测限以及用作传感材料的大环化合物实例进行了批判性讨论。
