Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 6;13(11):3965. doi: 10.3390/nu13113965.
Grapes provide a rich source of polyphenols and fibers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the daily consumption of 46 g of whole grape powder, providing the equivalent of two servings of California table grapes, on the gut microbiome and cholesterol/bile acid metabolism in healthy adults. This study included a 4-week standardization to a low-polyphenol diet, followed by 4 weeks of 46 g of grape powder consumption while continuing the low-polyphenol diet. Compared to the baseline, 4 weeks of grape powder consumption significantly increased the alpha diversity index of the gut microbiome. There was a trend of increasing Verrucomicrobia ( = 0.052) at the phylum level, and a significant increase in was noted. In addition, there was an increase in and , but a decrease in and at the genus level. Grape powder consumption significantly decreased the total cholesterol by 6.1% and HDL cholesterol by 7.6%. There was also a trend of decreasing LDL cholesterol by 5.9%, and decreasing total bile acid by 40.9%. Blood triglyceride levels and body composition were not changed by grape powder consumption. In conclusion, grape powder consumption significantly modified the gut microbiome and cholesterol/bile acid metabolism.
葡萄提供了丰富的多酚和纤维来源。本研究旨在评估每天食用 46 克全葡萄粉（相当于两份加州鲜食葡萄）对健康成年人肠道微生物组和胆固醇/胆汁酸代谢的影响。该研究包括 4 周的低多酚饮食标准化，随后在继续低多酚饮食的同时摄入 46 克葡萄粉 4 周。与基线相比，4 周的葡萄粉摄入显著增加了肠道微生物组的 alpha 多样性指数。在门水平上，厚壁菌门（ = 0.052）呈上升趋势， 显著增加。此外，在属水平上， 、 增加， 、 减少。葡萄粉摄入可显著降低总胆固醇 6.1%，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 7.6%。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低 5.9%，总胆汁酸降低 40.9%也呈下降趋势。葡萄粉摄入对血甘油三酯水平和身体成分没有影响。总之，葡萄粉摄入显著改变了肠道微生物组和胆固醇/胆汁酸代谢。
