Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Dong'an Road, 130, Shanghai 200032, China.
Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Dong'an Road, 130, Shanghai 200032, China.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 7;13(11):3971. doi: 10.3390/nu13113971.
Intrauterine modifiable maternal metabolic factors are essential to the early growth of offspring. The study sought to evaluate the associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and third-trimester fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with offspring growth outcomes within 24 months among GDM-negative pregnant women. Four hundred eighty-three mother -offspring dyads were included from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort. The pregnant women were categorized into four mutually exclusive groups according to pre-pregnancy BMI as normal or overweight/obesity and third-trimester FPG as controlled or not controlled. Offspring growth in early life was indicated by the BAZ (BMI Z-score), catch-up growth, and overweight/obesity. Among those with controlled third-trimester FPG, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity significantly increased offspring birth weight, BAZ, and risks of overweight/obesity (RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.73) within 24 months. Those who had uncontrolled third-trimester FPG had a reduced risk of offspring overweight/obesity within 24 months by 47%. The combination of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and maternal uncontrolled third-trimester FPG increased 5.24-fold risk of offspring catch-up growth within 24 months ( < 0.05). Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and uncontrolled third-trimester glycemia among GDM-negative women both have adverse effects on offspring growth within 24 months. With the combination of increasing pre-pregnancy BMI and maternal third-trimester FPG, the possibility of offspring catch-up growth increases.
宫内可调节的母体代谢因素对后代的早期生长至关重要。本研究旨在评估在 GDM 阴性孕妇中，孕前 BMI 和孕晚期空腹血糖（FPG）与 24 个月内后代生长结局的关系。本研究纳入了来自上海母婴对子队列的 483 对母婴。根据孕前 BMI（正常或超重/肥胖）和孕晚期 FPG（控制或未控制），将孕妇分为四个互斥组。早期生命中后代的生长用 BAZ（BMI Z 评分）、追赶生长和超重/肥胖来表示。在孕晚期 FPG 控制良好的人群中，孕前超重/肥胖显著增加了后代的出生体重、BAZ 和超重/肥胖的风险（RR 1.83，95%CI 1.23 至 2.73）。而孕晚期 FPG 未控制的人群在 24 个月内后代超重/肥胖的风险降低了 47%。孕前超重/肥胖和母亲孕晚期 FPG 未控制的组合使 24 个月内后代追赶生长的风险增加了 5.24 倍（<0.05）。在 GDM 阴性妇女中，孕前超重/肥胖和孕晚期血糖控制不佳均对 24 个月内后代的生长有不良影响。随着孕前 BMI 和母亲孕晚期 FPG 的增加，后代追赶生长的可能性增加。
