College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China; National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 Dec;169:343-359. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.012. Epub 2021 Nov 20.
GATA transcription factors have been reported to function in plant growth and development and during various biotic/abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis and rice. However, the functions of wheat GATAs, particularly in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination, remain unclear. Here, we identified 78 TaGATAs in wheat and divided them into five subfamilies. Sixty-four paralogous pairs and 52 orthologous pairs were obtained, and Ka/Ks ratios showed that the TaGATAs had undergone strong purifying election during the evolutionary process. Triplet analysis indicated that a high homologue retention rate could explain the large number of TaGATAs in wheat. Gene structure analysis revealed that most members of the same subfamily had similar structures, and subcellular localization prediction indicated that most TaGATAs were located in the nucleus. Gene ontology annotation results showed that most TaGATAs had molecular functions in DNA and zinc binding, and promoter analysis suggested that they may play important roles in growth, development, and biotic/abiotic stress response. We combined three microarray datasets with qRT-PCR expression data from wheat varieties of contrasting dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting resistance levels during imbibition in order to identify ten candidate genes (TaGATA17/-25/-34/-37/-40/-46/-48/-51/-72/-73) that may be involved in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination in wheat. These findings provide valuable information for further dissection of TaGATA functions in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination, thereby enabling the improvement of wheat pre-harvest sprouting resistance by gene pyramiding.
GATA 转录因子已被报道在植物生长发育以及拟南芥和水稻的各种生物/非生物胁迫中发挥作用。然而，小麦 GATAs 的功能，特别是在调节种子休眠和萌发方面，仍然不清楚。在这里，我们在小麦中鉴定了 78 个 TaGATAs，并将它们分为五个亚家族。获得了 64 对同源和 52 对直系同源对，Ka/Ks 比值表明 TaGATAs 在进化过程中经历了强烈的纯化选择。三联体分析表明，高同源保留率可以解释小麦中大量 TaGATAs 的存在。基因结构分析表明，同一亚家族的大多数成员具有相似的结构，亚细胞定位预测表明大多数 TaGATAs 位于细胞核中。基因本体论注释结果表明，大多数 TaGATAs 在 DNA 和锌结合方面具有分子功能，启动子分析表明它们可能在生长、发育和生物/非生物胁迫反应中发挥重要作用。我们结合了三个微阵列数据集和 qRT-PCR 表达数据，来自在吸水过程中休眠和抗收获前发芽性水平不同的小麦品种，以鉴定十个候选基因（TaGATA17/-25/-34/-37/-40/-46/-48/-51/-72/-73），它们可能参与了小麦种子休眠和萌发的调节。这些发现为进一步剖析 TaGATA 在调节种子休眠和萌发中的功能提供了有价值的信息，从而能够通过基因聚合提高小麦的抗收获前发芽性。
