枸杞消费对降低心血管疾病风险的作用：一项随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。
Cardiovascular disease risk reduction with wolfberry consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
机构信息
Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
出版信息
Eur J Nutr. 2022 Apr;61(3):1177-1186. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02750-6. Epub 2021 Nov 27.
PURPOSE
Wolfberry is rich in bioactive compounds which may lower cardiovascular disease risk. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of wolfberry-based randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on overall cardiovascular health.
METHODS
Four online databases (PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Medline and Cochrane Library) were searched to shortlist relevant RCTs. Outcomes of interests included blood lipids and lipoproteins, blood pressure, biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and other cardiovascular health-related indicators. Random-effects models were used to provide a weighted mean difference (WMD) and/or Hedges' g for quantitative synthesis. This was coupled with subcategory analyses which stratified RCTs according to the form in which wolfberry was administered (whole wolfberry versus wolfberry extract).
RESULTS
From the 785 articles identified, 10 were selected for meta-analysis. Compared to the control, groups which consumed wolfberry showed a reduction in blood triglycerides [WMD (95% confidence interval): - 0.14 (- 0.19, - 0.09) mmol/L] and increased blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [WMD: 0.06 (0.02, 0.09) mmol/L]. Notably, effects for both triglycerides [WMD: - 0.14 (- 0.19, - 0.09) mmol/L; WMD: - 0.07 (- 0.30, 0.16) mmol/L] and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [WMD: 0.06 (0.02, 0.09) mmol/L; WMD: 0.05 (- 0.02, 0.13) mmol/L] were more prominent after whole wolfberry interventions. Additionally, blood malondialdehyde equivalents were also significantly decreased in wolfberry consuming groups [Hedges' g: - 1.45 (- 2.75, - 0.16)]. No changes were observed for the other lipids and lipoproteins as well as blood pressure.
CONCLUSIONS
Wolfberry consumption is effective in improving blood lipids and lipoproteins profile and lowering oxidative stress. This supports the incorporation of wolfberry, particularly as whole fruits, into dietary patterns targeted at improving cardiovascular health.
目的
枸杞富含生物活性化合物，可能降低心血管疾病风险。本荟萃分析旨在系统评估基于枸杞的随机对照试验（RCT）对整体心血管健康的影响。
方法
检索了 4 个在线数据库（PubMed、CINAHL Plus、Medline 和 Cochrane Library），以筛选相关 RCT。感兴趣的结局包括血脂和脂蛋白、血压、氧化应激、炎症和其他心血管健康相关指标的生物标志物。采用随机效应模型提供加权均数差（WMD）和/或 Hedge's g 进行定量综合分析。同时进行亚组分析，根据枸杞的给药形式（整颗枸杞与枸杞提取物）对 RCT 进行分层。
结果
从 785 篇文章中筛选出 10 篇进行荟萃分析。与对照组相比，食用枸杞的组的血液三酰甘油降低[WMD（95%置信区间）：-0.14（-0.19，-0.09）mmol/L]，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高[WMD：0.06（0.02，0.09）mmol/L]。值得注意的是，两组三酰甘油[WMD：-0.14（-0.19，-0.09）mmol/L；WMD：-0.07（-0.30，0.16）mmol/L]和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[WMD：0.06（0.02，0.09）mmol/L；WMD：0.05（-0.02，0.13）mmol/L]的作用在整颗枸杞干预后更为明显。此外，枸杞食用组的血液丙二醛当量也显著降低[Hedges' g：-1.45（-2.75，-0.16）]。其他血脂和脂蛋白以及血压均无变化。
结论
枸杞的摄入可有效改善血脂和脂蛋白谱，并降低氧化应激。这支持将枸杞，特别是整颗果实，纳入旨在改善心血管健康的饮食模式中。
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