Hernández-Blanquisett Abraham, Álvarez-Londoño Angelina, Martinez-Avila Maria Cristina, Covo-Camacho Sofía, Quintero-Carreño Valeria
Instituto de Cáncer, Centro Hospitalario Serena del Mar, Cartagena.
J Public Health Res. 2021 Nov 28;11(2):2549. doi: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2549.
Only six countries have banned the industrial use of asbestos in Latin America and the Caribbean. In fact, the industrial use of asbestos appears to be growing in this region. Asbestos is one of the most dangerous natural substances in the world, it is contained in several types of rocks (such as serpentinites, mafic and ultramafic rocks) but fibers can be released to the atmosphere both by natural and antropogenic sources. Six countries have banned the industrial use of asbestos in this region, we expected that laws established before 2007 would be less adherent to the 2007 WHO/ILO recommendations. In contrast, the Chilean law of 2001 is one of those that most adheres to international recommendations along with the Colombian law of 2021. Which means that the newest laws are not necessarily the strongest. This article aims to draw a regional overview of the laws against asbestos production in Latin America and the Caribbean, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each national policy. We recommend that countries that have already banned asbestos consider updating and strengthening their existing laws and develop clinical guidelines for the management, monitoring, and rehabilitation of asbestos-related diseases. The challenge of asbestos goes far beyond a prohibition law.
在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区，只有六个国家禁止了石棉的工业用途。事实上，石棉的工业用途在该地区似乎正在增加。石棉是世界上最危险的天然物质之一，它存在于几种类型的岩石中（如蛇纹岩、镁铁质和超镁铁质岩石），但纤维可通过自然和人为来源释放到大气中。该地区有六个国家禁止了石棉的工业用途，我们预计2007年之前制定的法律对2007年世界卫生组织/国际劳工组织建议的遵守程度较低。相比之下，2001年的智利法律是最遵守国际建议的法律之一，2021年的哥伦比亚法律也是如此。这意味着最新的法律不一定是最有力的。本文旨在概述拉丁美洲和加勒比地区禁止石棉生产的法律，突出各国政策的优缺点。我们建议已经禁止石棉的国家考虑更新和加强其现有法律，并制定石棉相关疾病管理、监测和康复的临床指南。石棉带来的挑战远不止于一部禁令法律。
