School of Transportation Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2021 Nov 29;16(11):e0260666. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260666. eCollection 2021.
Thailand ranks near the top for the road accident fatality rate worldwide, and more and more vehicles are being registered in Thailand every year. Obtaining the opinions of road commuters may help us reduce road accidents in Thailand. This study seeks to understand damage value in road accidents for personal car drivers in Thailand, using the willingness to pay approach and establishing factors affecting willingness to pay with the theory of planned behavior (TPB). This study obtained data using questionnaires in face-to-face interviews with 1,650 personal cars drivers in Thailand. The average willingness to pay (WTP) for 50% fatality or injury reduction was 23.00 baht/person/50 km trip (US $0.74/person/50 km trip). We obtained the value of statistical life (VSL), assessing this to fall between US $815,385 and US $872,942, and the value of statistical injury (VSI), between US $150,059 and US $160,652. Overall, national damage was assessed at US $4,701,981,170 annually. According to the analysis of factors affecting WTP, TPB comprises four factors, namely, driver attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention. Analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) found all mentioned factors were relevant and positively influenced personal car drivers' WTP in Thailand, with a statistical significance at a 99% confidence interval (p < 0.01). This study can develop recommendations for relevant organizations to analyze the results as part of considerations regarding budget allocation and developments on road safety policy due to driver attitude as important as environmental factors or any other factors.
泰国的道路交通事故死亡率在全球范围内排名较高，而且每年在泰国注册的车辆越来越多。了解道路使用者的意见可能有助于我们减少泰国的道路交通事故。本研究旨在使用意愿支付法（WTP）并根据计划行为理论（TPB）建立影响意愿支付的因素，了解泰国私家车司机在道路事故中的损害价值。本研究通过在泰国与 1650 名私家车司机进行面对面访谈的问卷调查收集数据。50%死亡率或伤害降低的平均意愿支付（WTP）为 23.00 泰铢/人/50 公里行程（0.74 美元/人/50 公里行程）。我们获得了统计生命价值（VSL），评估结果在 815385 美元至 872942 美元之间，统计伤害价值（VSI）在 150059 美元至 160652 美元之间。总体而言，每年的国家损失评估为 4701981170 美元。根据对影响 WTP 因素的分析，TPB 包括四个因素，即司机态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和行为意图。结构方程模型（SEM）分析发现，所有提到的因素都与泰国私家车司机的 WTP 相关并呈正相关，置信区间为 99%（p<0.01）。本研究可以为相关组织提供建议，分析结果作为考虑预算分配和道路安全政策发展的一部分，因为司机态度与环境因素或任何其他因素一样重要。
