儿童原发性乳腺淋巴瘤：一例报告并文献复习。
Primary breast lymphoma of childhood: a case report and review of literature.
机构信息
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2021 Nov 30;21(1):530. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-03002-6.
BACKGROUND
Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is an extremely rare neoplasm in children; by definition, it manifests in the breast without evidence of lymphoma elsewhere, except ipsilateral axillary nodes.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of a 15-year-old girl diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the right breast: the patient received chemotherapy and rituximab, achieving complete remission. A literature review revealed other 11 cases of pediatric PBL; it mainly affects female adolescents and can involve right and left breast equally. Different histologic subtypes have been described, arising from both B-cell and T-cell. Therapeutic approaches were very different, from chemotherapy to local treatment with surgery and/or radiotherapy.
CONCLUSIONS
Our case is the first in which rituximab was administered, suggesting to be a promising therapy in B-cell PBL, as already demonstrated in pediatric B-cell lymphoma from other sites. Further investigations are needed to identify prognostic factors and establish the most effective treatment.
背景
原发性乳腺淋巴瘤（PBL）在儿童中是一种极为罕见的肿瘤；根据定义，它表现为乳腺内的淋巴瘤，除同侧腋窝淋巴结外无其他部位的淋巴瘤证据。
病例介绍
我们报告了一例 15 岁女孩被诊断为右乳腺弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）的病例：患者接受了化疗和利妥昔单抗治疗，达到完全缓解。文献复习显示其他 11 例儿童 PBL 病例；它主要影响女性青少年，可同样累及右侧和左侧乳腺。已经描述了不同的组织学亚型，源自 B 细胞和 T 细胞。治疗方法差异很大，从化疗到手术和/或放疗的局部治疗。
结论
我们的病例是首例使用利妥昔单抗治疗的病例，提示该药可能对 B 细胞 PBL 有效，正如其他部位的儿科 B 细胞淋巴瘤所证实的那样。需要进一步研究以确定预后因素并建立最有效的治疗方法。
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